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26th November 2014, 04:39 PM
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FMS MBA Part Time question papers
I am looking for Faculty of Management Studies FMS part time exam question paper, please provide here???
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27th November 2014, 11:45 AM
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Re: FMS MBA Part Time question papers
You are looking for Faculty of Management Studies FMS part time exam question paper, I am giving here: PASSAGE-1 Diwali saw the last great burst of the autumnal exuberance unleashed a month earlier at Dusshera. Within a month of the last Diwali rocket vanishing into the Delhi skies, the city seemed to curl its tail between its legs and disappear into a state of semihibernation for the duration of the cold season. The brief but bitter Delhi winter came as suddenly as an undertaker : dark-clad, soft- footed, unannounced and unwelcome. There is no snow in Delhi — the winters are too dry—but, white winds from the snow peaks still sweep down the slopes, freezing the plains of the Punjab and shattering the brittle buds, before raking through the streets of the capital and brushing the narrow Delhi alleyways clear of people. The Delhi-wallahs withdraw into themselves. They Lift up their knees to their chins and pull their heavy Kashmiri blankets tightly around. Over their heads they wind thick woollen mufflers. If you look into the dark of the roadside restaurant-shacks you see only the whites of their eyes peering out into the cold. The sky is grey, the air is grey, and the dull, cold greyness seeps into the ground, the stones and the buildings. The only colours are the red and yellow silk flags flying over the new Muslim graves in Nizamuddin. The trees in the gardens stand shrouded in a thin wrap of mist. In Old Delhi, the goats fattening for slaughter huddle together under sackcloth coats; some are given old cardigans to wear, with their front legs fitted through the sleeves. Winter smoke winds slowly out of the chimneys; bonfires crackle outside the jhuggi clusters. As you look through the windowpanes you can see winter lying curled like a cobra across the land. Olivia now spent her mornings in the warmth of our flat; it was too cold and misty to paint until the sun had reached its zenith at midday. If she ventured out she would return early, before a sudden dusk brought to a close the brief winter afternoon. Brisk evenings were followed by cold nights. We muffled ourselves in our new shawls — we had not considered packing jerseys or overcoats when we set off to India — and sat warming ourselves in front of the heaters. My reading was mostly historical. I had become fascinated with that period of Delhi’s history known as the Twilight. It was an epoch whose dark melancholy perfectly reflected the cold, misty scenes outside our own windows. The Twilight is bounded by two of the greatest disasters in Delhi’s history: the Persian massacres of 1739 and the equally vicious hangings and killings which followed the British recapture Of Delhi after the 1857 Indian Mutiny. The first massacre took place in the wake of an unexpected invasion of India by the Persian ruler, Nadir Shah. At Karnal in the Punjab the newly-crowned Shah defeated the Mughal army and advanced rapidly on Delhi. He encamped at the Shalimar Gardens, five miles north of the city. Having been invited into Delhi by the nervous populace, Nadir Shah ordered the massacre after a group of Delhi-wallahs attacked and killed 900 of his soldiers in a bazaar brawl. At the end of a single day’s slaughter 1,50,000 of the city’s citizens lay dead. Nadir Shah’s massacre exacerbated the decline of the Mughal Empire which had been steadily contracting since the death of Aurangzeb, the last Great Mogul, in 1707. By the end of eighteenth century, Delhi, shorn of the empire which gave it life, had sunk into a state of impotent dotage. The aristocracy tried to maintain the life-style and civilization of the empire, but in a ruined and impoverished city raped and violated by a succession of invaders. The destruction created a mood conducive to elegy, and the great Urdu writers made the most of the opportunity. “There is no house from where the jackal’s cry cannot be heard,’ wrote Sauda. ‘The mosques at evening are unlit and deserted. In the once beautiful gardens, the grass grows waist-high around fallen pillars and the ruined arches. Not even a lamp of clay now burns where once the chandeliers blazed with light...” On the throne in the Hall of Audience in the Qila-i-Mualla, the Exalted Fort sat the Emperor Shah Alam. He was a brave, cultured and intelligent old man, still tall and commanding, his dark complexion offset by a short white beard. He spoke four languages and maintained a harem of five hundred women; but for all this, he was sightless-years before, his eyes had been gouged out by Ghulam Qadir, an Afghan marauder whom he had once kept as his catamite. Like some symbol of the city over which he presided, Shah Alam was a blind emperor ruling from a ruined palace. At his court, the elaborate etiquette of Mughal Society was scrupulously ‘maintained’; poetry, music and the arts flourished. But beneath the surface lustre, all was rotten. Servants prised precious stones from the pietra dura inlay on the walls to sell in Chandni Chowk. The old court costumes were threadbare; the plaster was peeling. Mountains of rubbish accumulated in the city streets and amid the delicate pavilions of the Exalted Palace. Unable to see the decay around him, Shah Alam still could not escape its stench. With Iris Portal and the Haxby sisters I had heard the testimonies of the last British in Delhi. Now, in the cold of early December I visited the chilly Delhi libraries searching for the accounts of the first English to penetrate the city’s walls in the late eighteenth century. The most detailed of the early descriptions was that written by Lieutenant William Franklin. Franklin had been sent to Delhi by the directors of the East India Company to survey the then unknown heartlands of the empire of the Great Mogul. Franklin’s account of his discoveries, published in Calcutta in the 1795 Asiatic Researches (the journal of the newly-founded Royal Asiatic Society) painted a melancholy picture of the once-great capital. Franklin had approached the city on horseback from the northwest. His first glimpse was of a landscape littered with crumbling ruins : ‘The environs are crowded with the remains of’ spacious gardens and the country-houses of the nobility,’ he wrote in his report. ‘The prospect towards Delhi, as far as the eye can reach, is covered with the remains cf gardens, pavilions, mosques and burying places.’ 1. Which of the following is a correct statement ? (1) Olivia is a painter (2) Olivia is the author’s neighbour (3) Olivia is a historian (4) Olivia is the author of the passage 2. During the winter season in Delhi, (1) People largely stay indoors (2) Most people prefer to walk around the streets (3) The road side stacks are well-lit (4) None of the above 3. Which of the following is a correct statement ? (1) Bright saffron coloured silk flags fly over the new Muslim graves (2) Yellow and red silk flags fly over the new Muslim graves (3) Yellow and green silk flags fly over the new Muslim graves (4) All Muslim gaves are covered with black flags 4. According to the passage, (1) All the goats wear old cardigans (2) No goats wear cardigans (3) All the goats are given new cardigans to wear (4) Some goats wear old cardigans 5. Which of the following is a correct statement ? (1) The author of the passage was known to Iris Portal (2) The author was not familiar with the Huxley sisters (3) Neither Iris Portal nor the Huxley sisters knew about the last British in India (4) The author was not interested in the first English who entered Delhi. 6. According to the passage, (1) Twilight is the name of a person (2) A period in European history is known as Twilight (3) A period in Delhi’s history is known as Twilight (4) None of the above 7. Which of the following is a correct statement ? (1) The Mughal Empire declined after the death of Aurangzeb (2) The Mughal Empire prospered after the death of Aurangzeb (3) Nadir Shah helped the prosperity of the Mughal Empire (4) By the end of the 18th century, Delhi had become a very powerful state 8. Which of the following is a correct statement ? (1) Emperor Shah Alam was an intelligent old man (2) Emperor Shah Alam was tall and dark complexioned (3) Emperor Shah Alam was blind (4) All of the above 9. Which of the following is a correct statement ? (1) Emperor Shah Alam followed the etiquette of Muslim society (2) Emperor Shah Alam did not care about the etiquette of Muslim society (3) Poetry, music and the arts were not part of the Muslim culture (4) All of the above 10. Which of the following is a correct statement ? (1) The invasion of Nadir Shah was anticipated (2) Nadir Shah invaded Persia (3) The massacre ordered by Nadir Shah killed 900 soldiers (4) The massacre ordered by Nadir Shah killed 15000 citizens of Delhi 11. According to the passage, (1) Winter in Delhi is very pleasant (2) Summer season in Delhi is very pleasant (3) Both summer and winter seasons are pleasant in Delhi (4) Winter season in Delhi is not so pleasant DIRECTIONS (for Qs. 12-21) Read the following passage-2 and answer the questions given at the end of the passage. The answers should be based either on the author’s views or inferences drawn from the given passage. PASSAGE-2 Google headquarters in Mountain View, California, has a certain Centre feel to it — so many fun space-age toys to play with, so little time. In one corner is a spinning globe that emits light beams based on the volume of people searching on Google. As you would expect, most of the shafts of light are shooting up from North America, Europe, Korea, Japan, and coastal China. The Middle East and Africa remain pretty dark. In another corner is a screen that shows a sample of what things people are searching for at that moment, all over the world. When I was there in 2001, I asked my hosts what had been the most frequent searches lately. One, of course, was “sex,” a perennial favourite of Googlers. Another was “God.” “Lots of people searching for Him or Her. A third was “jobs”—you can’t find enough of those. And the fourth most searched item around the time of my visit? I didn’t know whether to laugh or cry : ‘professional wrestling’. The weirdest one, though, is the Google recipe book, where people just open their refrigerators, see what ingredients are inside, type three of them into Google, and see what recipes come up! Fortunately, no single word or subject accounts for more than 1 or 2 percent of all Google searches at any given time, so no one should get too worried about the fate of humanity on the basis of Google’s top search items on any particular day. Indeed, it is the remarkable diversity of searches going on via Google, in so many different tongues, that makes the Google search engine (and search engines in general) such huge flatteners. Never before in the history of the planet have so many people — on their own — had the ability to find so much information about so many things and about so many other people. Said Russian-born Google cofounder Sergey Brin, “If someone has broadband, dial-up, or access to an Internet cafe, whether a kid in Cambodia, the university professor, or me who runs this search engine, ‘all have the same basic access to overall research information that anyone has. It is a total equalizer. This is very different than how I grew up. My best access was some library, and it did not have all that much stuff, and you either had to hope for a miracle or search for something very simple or something very recent. When Google came along, he added, suddenly that kid had “universal access” to the information in libraries all over the world. That is certainly Google’s goal— to make easily available all the world’s knowledge in every language. And Google hopes that in time, with a PalmPilot or a cell phone, everyone everywhere will be able to carry around access to all the world’s knowledge in their pockets. “Everything” and “everyone” are key words that you hear around Google all the time. Indeed, the official Google history carried on its home page notes that the name “Google” is a play on the word “googol”; which is the number represented by the numeral 1 followed by 100 zeros. Google’s use of the term reflects the company’s mission to organize the immense, seemingly infinite amount of information available on the Web, “just for you”. What Google’s success reflects is how much people are interested in having just that — all the world’s knowledge at their fingertips. There is no bigger flattener than the idea of making all the world’s knowledge, or even just a big chunk of it, available to anyone and everyone, anytime, anywhere. “We do discriminate only to the degree that if you can’t use a computer or don’t have access to one, you can’t use Google, but other than that, if you can type, you can use Google,” said Google CEO Eric Schmidt. And surely if the flattening of the world means anything, he added, it means that “there is no discrimination in accessing knowledge. Google is now searchable in one hundred languages, and every time we find another we increase it. Let’s imagine a group with a Google iPod one day and you can tell it to search by voice — that would take care of people who can’t use a computer — and then [Google access] just becomes about the rate at which we can get cheap devices into people’s hands”. How does searching fit into the concept of collaboration? I call it “informing”. Informing is the individual’s personal analogue to uploading, outsourcing, in sourcing, supply-chaining, and offshoring. Informing is the ability to build and deploy your own personal supply chain — a supply chain of information, knowledge and entertainment. Informing is about self-collaboration — becoming your own self-directed and self-empowered, researcher, editor, and selector of entertainment, without having to go to the library or the movie theatre or through network television. Informing is searching for knowledge. It is about seeking likeminded people and communities. Google’s phenomenal global popularity, which has spurred Yahoo ! and Microsoft (through its MSN Search) also to make power searching and informing prominent - features of their Web sites, shows how hungry people are for this form of collaboration. Google is now processing roughly one billion searches per day, up from 150 million just three years ago. The easier and more accurate searching becomes, added Larry Page, Google’s other cofounder, the more global Google’s user base becomes, and the more powerful a flattenerit becomes. Every day more and more people are able to inform themselves in their own language. Today, said Page “only a third of our searches are U.S.-based, and less than half are in English.” Moreover, he added, “as people are searching for more obscure things, people are publishing more obscure things,” which drives the flattening effect of informing even more. All the major search engines have also recently added the capability for users to search not only the Web for information but also their own computer’s hard drive for words or data or e-mail they know is in there somewhere but have forgotten where. When you can search your own memory more efficiently, that is really informing. In late 2004, Google announced plans to scan the entire contents of both the University of Michigan and Stanford University libraries, making tens of thousands of books available and searchable online. In the earliest days of search engines, people were amazed and delighted to stumble across the information they sought; eureka moments were unexpected surprises, said Yahoo’s cofounder Jerry Yang. “Today their attitudes are much more presumptive. They presume that the information they’re looking for is certainly available and that it’s just a matter of technologists making it easier to get to, and in fewer keystrokes,” he said. “The democratization of information is having a profound impact on society. Today’s consumers are much more efficient—they can find information, products, and services, faster [through search engines] than through traditional means. They are better informed about issues related to health, leisure etc. Small towns are no longer disadvantaged relative to those with better access to information. And people have the ability to be better connected to things that interest them, to quickly and easily become experts in given subjects and to connect with others who share their interests.” Google’s founders understood that by the late 1990s hundreds of thousands of Web pages were being added to the Internet each day, and that existing search engines, which tended to search for keywords, could not keep pace. Brin and Page, who met as Stanford University students in computer science in 1995, developed a mathematical formula that ranked a Web page by how many other Web pages were linked to it, on the assumption that the more people linked to a certain page, more important the page. The key breakthrough that enabled Google to become first among search engines was its ability to combine” its PageRank technology with an analysis of page content, which determines which pages are most relevant to the specific search being conducted. Even though Google entered the market after other major search players, its answers were seen by people as more accurate and relevant to what they were looking for. The fact that one search engine was just a little better than the others led a tidal wave of people to switch to it. (Google now employs scores of mathematicians working on its search algorithms, in an effort to always keep them one step more relevant than the competition). For some reason, said Brin, “people underestimated the importance of finding information, as opposed to other things you would do online. If you are searching for something like a health issue, you really want to know; in some cases it is a lifeand- death matter. We have people who search Google for heartattack symptoms and then call nine-one-nine.” But sometimes you really want to in-form yourself about something much simpler. 12. Which of the following is not a correct statement ? (1) Informing is supply chain management (2) Informing is the ability to build and deploy your own supply of information (3) Knowledge makes you self-directed and selfempowered (4) Knowledge and information reduce inequality 13. According to the passage, (1) PageRank technology analyses the relevance of information (2) Google search does not determine which pages contain relevant information (3) Google was the first search player on the web (4) Yahoo entered the market after Google 14. The author of the passage suggests that most people use Google to search for (1) Jobs (2) Sex (3) God (4) All of the above 15. Which of the following is a correct statement ? (1) More than 70 percent of people search for God on (2) Less than 2 percent of people search for God on Google (3) More than 50 percent of people search for sex on Google (4) About 30 percent of people search for wrestling on 16. According to the author of the passage, (1) Go has made the world flat (2) Google has revealed the history of the planet (3) Different languages have created Google engine (4) Limited information is available on Google engine 17. Which of the following is a correct statement ? (1) Only about 50 percent of Google users belong to North America (2) Only 20 percent of Google users belong to North America (3) Only 5 percent of Google users belong to North America (4) Nearly 33 percent of Google users belong to North America 18. Which of the following is a correct statement ? (1) More than half of Google searches are in the English language (2) More than half of Google searches are in a Non-English language (3) Most of Google searches are in the English language (4) None of the above 19. According to the passage, (1) In earlier days people were not surprised to find the information they were searching (2) Today people do not expect to find the information they are looking for (3) Today people are happy to find the information they are looking for (4) Today people expect to find the information they are looking for 20. Which of the following is a correct statement ? (1) The co-founders of Google were students of Stanford University (2) The co-founders of Google were professors of Stanford University (3) Larry Page and Jerry Yang were co-founders of Google (4) Eric Schmidt and Jerry Yang were co-founders of Coogle 21. According to the passage, most people who search on Google belong to (1) Europe and Korea (2) Japan and Central Asia (3) Middle East and Africa (4) Europe, Korea, Japan and Central Asia DIRECTIONS (for Qs. 22-35) Read the following passage-3 and answer the questions given at the end of the passage. The answers should be based either on the author’s views or inferences drawn from the given passage. PASSAGE-3 Another style which is only partially dependent on situational factors for its effectiveness is the Pioneering-Innovative management. Like Likert Khandwalla preferred to use the expression ‘management’ rather than ‘leadership’, though his theory could easily be taken for a theory of leadership styles of top executives. He accepted that the operative mode of the top management sets the tone for the lower levels. He therefore administered a questionnaire to the top level executives of 75 varied organisations. In addition to other variables, the responses disclosed a mode of functioning which he labelled as ‘PI Management’. PI Management is characterised by a strong emphasis on attributes such as (1) Adapting freely to changing circumstances without concern for past management practices or traditions; (2) Marketing new and novel products or services; (3) Acquiring the latest, most sophisticated plant, machinery and equipment; (4) High return on investments even if they involve high risk; (5) High quality and high price orientation in marketing company’s established products or services; (6) Innovation and experimentation is in every area of management; (7) Ability to come up with original solutions and novel ideas; (8) Being a pioneer within the industry in marketing technologically sophisticated products and services. Managements that score high on PI claim to pursue a business strategy of pioneering, novel, technologically sophisticated, high quality products and plants. They seem willing to take necessary risks attendant on this strategy. Since they seek to be pioneers, they cannot afford not to adapt or innovate. Indeed, they try to be aggressively adaptive and innovative, not merely technologically but also in various areas of management. Interestingly enough, the current levels of PI in organizations are more strongly influenced by strategic decisions taken in the past than the other way around. That is, the past P1 has an insignificant effect on present norms, decisions and managerial functions. For example, the past policy of recruiting creative managers at junior levels, deliberate efforts to inject pioneering and innovative practices regarding business strategies (with reference to diversification, integration, marketing), operating modes (e.g. autonomy, accountability, cooperation), and personnel (e.g. reward and punishment, communication) were found to have significant effects on the current levels of PI; but past PI did not influence any of it. Similarly, past norms regarding excellence, expertise, dedication and the lower levels of dependency facilitated current PI levels, but not the other way around. In sum, PI management is an outcome rather than a cause of managerial policies and practices. Furthermore, PI management is more effective in an environment which offers opportunities than one which is highly controlled. Once PI management becomes operative, it improves overall performance, the organisation’s growth, public image as well as adaptability to circumstances improve. It heightens the achievement and result orientation of top management and lowers authoritarian norms at middle management levels. In order to realise the organisation’s goals, the PI executives seek out a complex, turbulent but favourable environment. It is worth noting that past P1 is negatively related to the maintenance of friendly relations with colleagues. P1 ‘perhaps temporarily lowers friendship ties at senior management levels’. Relationship orientation, particularly primary relationship, is probably not part of the PI package. Relationship is an offshoot of the ‘affiliative orientation’ which is a business typical of the traditional style of management. According to Khandwalla “a traditional top management, wedded to the status quo, may breed a clubby kind of affiliative, even somewhat task-oriented, work ethic at the next level of management, but a ‘politicised’, cliquish, conflict ridden, low work ethic, passivity prone culture at middle-junior management levels. Also, the tenure of senior managers tends to be long in conservative set-ups. This may breed a fairly strong, affiliative orientation among the old timers.” Khandwalla devised an essentially PI-like strategy for the turnaround management of sick enterprises. A few years later, Khandwalla added that it is the ‘humane’ rather than the ‘surgical’ turnaround strategy which works in the developmental context. The turnaround and PI styles should be considered as a whole and integrated model in which the relative relevance of each depends on the health of the organisation. The sick ones need turraround to be followed by PI management in order to make the organization even more vibrant and healthy. The underlying basic assumption in both of them is the centrality of the task system which must be built, restructured and managed rationally and scientifically. 22. According to the passage, managers who adopt PI management Style (1) Avoid risks (2) Adopt sophisticated technology (3) Do not adapt or innovate (4) None of the above 23. Which of the following is NOT a correct statement ? (1) Organisation’s growth is regulated by PI Management Style (2) Organisation’s image improves with PI Management Style (3) PI Management improves organisation’s adaptability (4) PI Management improves the result orientation of organisation 24. According to the author of the passage, (1) Khandwalla is a proponent o the traditional style of management (2) Khandwalla is a critique of the traditional style of management (3) Khandwalla is neither a proponent nor a critique of the traditional style of management (4) None of the above 25. According to the author, (1) Khandwalla proposes a humane turnaround (2) Khandwalla proposes a surgical turnaround (3) Khandwalla proposes a mix of humane and surgical turnaround (4) None of the above 26. According to the passage, (1) Effectiveness of ‘Pioneering-Innovative Management’ style is not dependent on situational factors. (2) Situational factors have no influence on ‘Pioneering- Innovative Management’ style. (3) Effectiveness of ‘Pioneering-Innovative Management’ style is partially influenced by situational factors. (4) Situational factors totally control ‘Pioneering- Innovative Management’ style. 27. Which of the following is a correct statement ? (1) The present norms and managerial functions are influenced by ‘Pioneering-Innovativeness’ (2) ‘Pioneering-Innovativeness’ of the past has no significant influence on present norms and managerial functions. (3) The ‘Pioneering-Innovativeness’ of the past has very little impact on present norms and managerial functions (4) None of the above 28. Which of the following is NOT a correct statement ? (1) The policy of recruiting creative managers at junior levels has direct impact on the current levels of ‘Pioneering-Innovative’ management (2) Deliberate efforts to develop innovative business strategies has direct impact on ‘Pioneering-Innovative’ management (3) Steps to inculcate innovative operating models has direct impact on ‘Pioneering-Innovative’ management (4) Past ‘Pioneering-Innovative’ management had influence on present business strategies 29. According to the passage, (1) ‘Pioneering-Innovative’ management enhances performance (2) ‘Pioneering-Innovative’ management inhibits performance (3) ‘Pioneering-Innovative’ management controls performance (4) ‘Pioneering-Innovative’ management measures performance 30. Which of the following is a correct statement ? (1) Pioneering-Innovative’ management is a result of top management policies and practices (2) Management policies and practices are a result of ‘Pioneering-Innovative’ management (3) ‘Pioneering-Innovative’ management works well in a closed environment (4) ‘Pioneering-Innovative’ management works well in a controlled environment 31. According to the passage, (1) Past practices of encouraging excellence had no influence on current ‘PI’ levels (2) Past practices of encouraging excellence influenced current ‘PI’ levels (3) Past ‘PI’ levels influenced current focus on excellence (4) Past ‘PI’ levels influenced the current level of expertise. 32. Which of the following is NOT a correct statement ? (1) ‘PI’ management is characterised by an emphasis on innovation (2) Emphasis on high return on investment is characteristic of ‘PI’ management (3) Emphasis on high quality and low price is characteristic of ‘PI’ management (4) ‘PI’ management is characterised by an emphasis on being a pioneer. 33. Which of the following is a correct statement ? (1) Khandwalla used a questionnaire to seek responses from 75 respondents (2) Khandwalla used a questionnaire to seek responses from executives of 75 respondents (3) Khandwalla sought responses from 75 organisations of similar nature (4) Likert sought responses from 75 organisations of similar nature 34. According to the passage, (1) Khandwalla believes that lower levels are influenced by the style of top management (2) Likert believed that lower levels are influenced by the style of top management (3) Neither Likert nor Khandwal believed that lower levels are influenced by the style of top management (4) None of the above 35. Which of the following is NOT a correct statement ? (1) Likert preferred to use the expression ‘management’ instead of ‘leadership’ (2) Khandwalla preferred to use the expression ‘management’ instead of ‘leadership’ (3) Neither the work of Likert nor that of Khandwalla deal with the theory of ‘leadership (4) Both Likert and Khandwalla deal with the theory of ‘leadership’ DIRECTIONS (for Qs. 36-50) Read the following passage-4 and answer the questions given at the end of the passage. The answers should be based either on the author’s views or inferences drawn from the given passage. PASSAGE-4 The fairness exercise, thus structured, is aimed at identifying appropriate principles that would determine the choice of just institutions needed for the basic structure of a society. Rawls identifies some very specific principles of justice (to be discussed presently), and makes the strong claim that these principles would be the unanimous choice that would emerge from the political conception of justice as fairness. He argues that since these principles would be chosen by all in the original position, with its primordial equality, they constitute the appropriate ‘political conception’ of justice, and that people growing up in a well-ordered society governed by these principles would have good reason to affirm a sense of justice based on them (irrespective of each person’s particular conception of a ‘good life’ and personal ‘comprehensive’ priorities). So the unanimous choice of these principles of justice does quite a bit of work in the Rawlsian system, which includes the choice of institutions for the basic structure of the society, as well as the determination of a political conception of justice, which Rawls presumes will correspondingly influence individual behaviours in conformity with that shared conception. The choice of basic principles of justice is the first act in Rawls’s multi-staged unfolding of social justice. This first stage leads to the next, ‘constitutional’, stage in which actual institutions are selected in line with the chosen principle of justice, taking note of the conditions of each particular society. The working of these institutions, in turn, leads to further social decisions at later stages in the Rawlsian system, for example through appropriate legislation (in what Bawls calls ‘the legislative stage’). The imagined sequence moves forward step by step on firmly specified lines, with an elaborately characterized unfolding of completely just societal arrangements. The whole process of this unfolding is based on the emergence of what he describes as ‘two principles of justice’ in the first stage that influence everything else that happens in the Rawlsian sequence. I have to express considerable scepticism about Rawls’s highly specific claim about the unique choice, in the original position, of one particular set of principles for just institutions, needed for a fully just society. There are genuinely plural, and sometimes conflicting, general concerns that bear on our understanding of justice. They need not differ in the convenient way—convenient for choice that is—that only one such set of principles really incorporates impartiality and fairness, while the others do not. Many of them share features of being unbiased and dispassionate, and represent maxims that their proponents can ‘will to be a universal law’ (to use Immanuel Kant’s famous requirement). Indeed, plurality of unbiased principles can, I would argue, reflect the fact that impartiality can take many different forms and have quite distinct manifestations. For example, in the illustration with the competing claims of three children over a flute, considered in the Introduction, underlying each child’s claim there is a general theory of how to treat people in an unbiased and impartial way, focusing, respectively, on effective use and utility, economic equity and distributional fairness, and the entitlement to the fruits of one’s unaided efforts. Their arguments are perfectly general, and their respective reasoning about the nature of a just society reflects different basic ideas that can each be defended impartially (rather than being parasitic on vested interests). And if there is no unique emergence of a given set of principles of justice that together identify the institutions needed for the basic structure of the society, then the entire procedure of ‘justice as fairness’, as developed in Rawls’s classic theory, would be hard to use. As was discussed in the Introduction, Rawls’s basic claim of the emergence of a unique set of principles of justice in the original position (discussed and defended in his A Theory of Justice) is considerably softened and qualified in his later writings. Indeed, in his Justice as Fairness : A Restatement, Rawls notes that ‘there are indefinitely many considerations that may be appealed to in the original position and each alternative conception of justice is favoured by some consideration and disfavoured by others’, and also that ‘the balance of reasons itself rests on judgment, though judgment informed and guided by reasoning’. When Bawls goes on to concede that ‘the ideal cannot be fully attained’, his reference is to his ideal theory of justice as fairness. However, there need not be anything particularly ‘non-ideal’ in a theory of justice that makes room for surviving disagreement and dissent on some issues, while focusing on many solid conclusions that would forcefully emerge from reasoned agreement on the demands of justice. What is clear, however, is that if Rawls’s second thoughts are really saying what they seem to be saying, then his earlier stage-by-stage theory of justice as fairness would have to be abandoned. If institutions have to be set up on the basis of a unique set of principles of justice emanating from the exercise of fairness, through the original position, then the absence of such a unique emergence cannot but hit at the very root of the theory. There is a real tension here within Rawls’s own reasoning over the years. He does not abandon, at least explicitly, his theory of justice as fairness, and yet he seems to accept that there arc incurable problems in getting a unanimous agreement on one set of principles of justice in the original position, which cannot but have devastating implications for his theory of ‘justice as fairness’. My own inclination is to think that Rawls’s original theory played a huge part in making us understand various aspects of the idea of justice, and even if that theory has to be abandoned— for which there is, I would argue a strong case — a great deal of the enlightenment from Rawls’s pioneering contribution would remain and continue to enrich political philosophy. It is possible to be at once deeply appreciated and seriously critical of a theory, and nothing would make me happier than having Rawls’s own company, if that were to come, in this ‘dual’ assessment of the theory of justice as fairness. 36. According to Rawls, (1) Principles of justice are the unanimous choice of a just society (2) Principles of justice are politically derived (3) Both the above (4) None of the above 37. Which of the following best fits the title of the passage ? (1) The Idea of Justice (2) Unbiased Principles (3) Justice as Fairness (4) The Basic Structure of Society 38. Which of the following is NOT a correct statement ? (1) Suitable principles need to be identified to determine the choice of just institutions (2) Just institutions are required for the basic structure of society (3) Rawls has identified specific principles of justice (4) The author of the passage is in agreement with the principles of justice identified by Rawls 39. is a correct statement ? (1) Rawls argues that citizens of a society governed by principles of justice would affirm a sense of justice based on them (2) The author of the passage argues that citizens of a society governed by principles of justice would affirm a sense of justice based on them (3) Both Rawls and the author of the passage argue that citizens of a society governed by principles of justice would affirm a sense of justice based on them (4) Neither Bawls nor the author of the passage argues that citizens of a society governed by principles of justice would affirm a sense of justice based on them 40. Which of the following is a correct statement ? (1) The author of the passage argues that principles of justice are chosen by all in the original position (2) Rawls argues that principles of justice are chosen by all in the original position (3) Both the author of the passage and Bawls argue that principles of justice are chosen by all in the original position (4) Neither the author of the passage nor Rawls argue that principles of justice are chosen by all in the original position 41. Which of the following is NOT a correct statement ? (1) The author of the passage believes that principles of justice constitute the political concept of justice (2) Rawls believes that principles of justice constitute the political concept of justice (3) Both the author of the passage and Rawls believe that principles of justice constitute the political concept of justice (4) Neither the author of the passage nor Rawls believe that principles of justice constitute the political concept of justice 42. Which of the following is a correct statement ? (1) Rawls rejects the theory of justice as fairness (2) The author of the passage rejects the theory of justice as fairness (3) Neither the author of the passage nor Rawls rejects the theory of justice as fairness (4) All of the above |
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27th November 2014, 11:45 AM
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Re: FMS MBA Part Time question papers
43. Which of the following is NOT a correct statement ? (1) The author of ‘Justice as Fairness : A Restatement’ is not the author of the passage (2) Rawls is the author of ‘Justice as Fairness A Restatement’ (3) Rawls has not changed or modified his original position on the principles of justice (4) None of the above 44. According to the passage, (1) Rawls’s multistage theory of justice as fairness is not tenable (2) Rawls’s multistage theory of justice as fairness is very sound (3) The author of the passage reinforces Rawls’s multistage theory of justice as fairness (4) None of the above 45. According to the passage, (1) The basic principles of justice is the first stage of a multistaged process of social justice developed by Rawls. (2) The basic principles of justice is the first stage of a multistaged process of social justice developed by the author of the passage (3) Rawls’s concept of social justice is confined to the basic principles of justice (4) Rawls’s concept of social justice developed as a two - stage process 46. Which of the following is a correct statement ? (1) The author of the passage does not agree that impartiality can take many different forms (2) Rawls thinks that impartiality can take many different forms (3) The author of the passage believes that impartiality can take many different forms (4) None of the above 47. According to the passage, (1) The author of the passage is in agreement with Rawls’s claim that there exists one particular set of principles for just institutions (2) The author of the passage is not in agreement with Rawls’s claim that there exists one particular set of principles for just institutions (3) Neither of the above (4) Both (1) and (2) above 48. According to the passage, (1) Rawls believes that there are several concerns that may lead to an understanding of justice (2) The author of the passage believes that there are several concerns that may lead to an understanding of justice (3) The author of the passage believes that one set of principles lead to our understanding of justice (4) Rawls believes that there are conflicting concerns that may lead to an understanding of justice 49. According to the passage, (1) There is no theory of how to ensure justice in an unbiased and impartial way. (2) One cannot treat people with economic equity and distributional fairness (3) There is a general theory of economic equity and distributional fairness (4) None of the above 50. Which of the following is a correct statement ? (1) Rawls suggests the theory ‘justice as fairness’ (2) The author of the passage suggests the theory ‘justice as fairness’ (3) Both Rawls and the author of the passage suggest the theory ‘justice as fairness’ (4) None of the above SECTION - II : (50 Questions) DIRECTIONS (for Qs. 51-65) Each of the questions below contains one or more blank spaces, each blank space indicating an omitted word of phrase. Beneath the sentence are four words or set of words. Choose the word or set of words for each blank space that best fits the meaning of the sentence as a whole. 51. The judge, after ruling that the news report had unjustly …….. the reputation of the Physician, ordered the newspaper to …... its libellous statements in print. (1) injured — retract (2) sullied — publicize (3) damaged — disseminate (4) tarnished — cover up 52. Psychologists agree that human beings have a strong need to…… their time; having too much idle time can be as stressful as having none at all. (1) compartmentalise (2) structure (3) functionalise (4) remand 53. …….. several generations, Alex Haley wrote Roots, a novel explaining both his family history and the history of American bigotry (1) Focusing on (2) Centering around (3) With an eye on (4) Living through 54. Although for centuries literature was considered something that would instruct as well as entertain, the modern reader has little patience with ….. works and seeks only to be ….. (1) fiction — enlightened (2) didactic — distracted (3) voluminous — absorbed (4) philosophical — entertained 55. To strive, to seek, to find, and …… are the heroic goals of Ulysses in Tennyson’s famous poem. (1) not yielding (2) yet to yield (3) not to yield (4) yet not yield 56. The most frustrating periods of any diet are the inevitable …….., when weight Loss …….. if not stops. (1) moods — accelerates (2) feasts — halts (3) meals — ceases (4) plateaus — slows 57. Since the author’s unflattering references to her friends were so…… she was surprised that her ….. were recognized. (1) laudatory — styles (2) obvious – anecdotes (3) oblique — allusions (4) critical — eulogies I 58. Gaurav was intent on maintaining his status as first in his class; because even the smallest mistakes infuriated him, he reviewed all his papers ……… before submitting them to his teacher. (1) explicitly (2) perfunctorily (3) assiduously (4) honestly 59. The subtleties of this novel are evident not so much in the character ……. as they are in its profoundly ……… plot structure. (1) assessment — eclectic (2) development — trite (3) delineation — intricate (4) portrayal — aesthetic 60. Perhaps because something in us instinctively distrusts such displays of natural fluency, some readers approach John Updike’s fiction with………… (1) bewilderment (2) suspicion (3) veneration (4) recklessness 61. We were amazed that a man who had been heretofore, the most …….. of public speakers could, in a single speech, electrify an audience and bring them cheering to their feet. (1) masterful (2) auspicious (3) pedestrian (4) accomplished 62. Despite the mixture’s ………. nature, we found that by lowering its temperature in the laboratory we could dramatically reduce its tendency to vaporize. (1) volatile (2) resilient (3) insipid (4) acerbic 63. In one shocking instance of ……… research, one of the nation’s most influential researchers in the field of genetics reported on experiments that were never carried out and published deliberately ……… scientific papers on his nonexistent work. (1) comprehensive — abstract (2) theoretical — challenging (3) fraudulent — deceptive (4) erroneous — impartial 64. Her novel published to universal acclaim, her literary gifts acknowledged by the chief figures of the Harlem Renaissance, her reputation as yet ………. by envious slights, Hurston clearly was at the ……….of her career. (1) undamaged — ebb (2) untarnished — zenith (3) unmarred — brink (4) untalented — extremity 65. New concerns about growing religious tension in Northern India were ………. this week after at least fifty people were killed and hundreds injured or arrested in rioting between Hindus and Muslims. (1) invalidated (2) restrained (3) fuelled (4) lessened DIRECTIONS (for Qs. 66-75) Some part of each sentence below is underlined. Four choices numbered (1) through (4) for rephrasing the underlined part follow each sentence. Select the best alternative, following the requirements of standard written English. 66. Regardless “new modernism” in literature, which produces novels, which often read like the diaries of madmen, most readers still prefer a conventional plot and simple style. (1) Regardless of the “new modernism” in literature, which produces (2) Regardless of the “new modernism” literature, which produce (3) Regardless, the “new modernism” in literature produces (4) Irregardless of the “new modernism” in literature, which produces 67. A career in the medical profession, which requires an enormous investment of time and money, do not guarantee success as there is so much competition (1) which requires an enormous investment of time and money, do not guarantee success as there is so much competition (2) which requires an enormous investment of time and money, does not guarantee success since there is so much competition (3) requiring an enormous investment of time and money, and cannot guarantee success because there is so much competition. (4) requires that an enormous investment of time and money be made and success cannot be guaranteed due to competition. 68. The more the union stubbornly refused to budge from its original demand for 20% across-the-board salary increase, the more the company management reiterated its original proposal of a mere 3% raise (1) the more the company management reiterated its original proposal of a mere 3% raise (2) the company management’s original proposal for a mere 3% raise was reiterated all the more (3) the company management kept on reiterating its original proposal of a mere 3% raise (4) the more the company management’s original proposal of a mere 3% raise was reiterated 69. The president of the resident welfare association tried to convince his neighbours they should join forces prevent crime in the neighbourhood rather than continuing to be victimized (1) they should join forces to prevent crime in the neighbourhood rather than continuing to be victimized (2) that they should join forces to prevent crime in the neighbourhood rather than continue to be victimized (3) about joining forces to prevent crime in the neighbourhood instead of continuing to be victimized (4) to join forces to prevent crime in the neighbourhood rather than continuing to be victimized 70. Lawyers and doctors alike both agree something should be done about the rise in medical malpractice cases which are on the increase. (1) alike both agree that something should be done about the rise in medical malpractice cases which are on the increase (2) alike agree that something should be done about the rise in medical malpractice cases (3) agree that something should be done about the rise in the number of medical malpractices (4) None of the above 71. The conductor seemed entirely arbitrary the choice of tempo, because of which each successive movement of the piece seemed to have no connection to what had come before. (1) The conductor’s choice of tempo seemed entirely arbitrary (2) It seemed the conductor chose tempo entirely arbitrary (3) The conductor was entirely arbitrary in his choice of tempo (4) The tempo was chosen entirely by the arbitrary conductor 72. Although the conditions in which she lived suggest that she was miserly, her contributions to charities show that she is generous. (1) her charities showed generous contributions (2) her generosities made large contributions (3) her contributions to charities showed that she is not generous (4) her contributions to charities show that she was generous 73. The governor’s intolerance of dissent among his aids was intensified by loyalty from all (1) by him insisting upon total loyalty from all (2) by his insistence upon total loyalty from all (3) by all insisting upon his loyalty (4) by his insisting upon their loyalty 74. Although he was often incomplete in his work, he was promoted simply because he was with the company longer than anyone else. (1) Although work was often incomplete (2) His work was often incomplete although (3) Although his work was often incomplete (4) Although he often completed his work 75. Though the concert had been enjoyable, it was protracted overly (1) it was overly protracted (2) it overly protracted (3) it protracted overly (4) it got protracted overlyIRECTIONS (for Qs. 66-75) DIRECTIONS (for Qs. 76-87) Each question consists of sentences, which are divided into four parts, numbered (1) through (4). One part in each sentence is not acceptable in standard written English. Identify that part in each of the sentences which contains the error. 76. (1) Her acceptance of speech (2) was well received (3) eliciting thunderous applause (4) in several points 77. (1) An oppressive solemnity (2) and not the festive mood (3) one might have expected (4) characterised the mood by the gathering 78. (1) All aspiring artists must (2) struggle by the conflict (3) between faith in their own talent (4) and knowledge that very few are great enough to succeed 79. (1) Despite some bad news, (2) Michel’s stature was not diminished (3) and her fans or critics (4) were unanimous in appreciating her work. 80. (1) Jazz is an American art form, (2) which was now flourishing in Europe (3) through the efforts of expatriates (4) in France, Scandinavia and Germany. 81. (1) Character and (2) not riches (3) win us (4) respect. 82. (1) Pickpocketers are (2) sometimes spotted (3) by policemen (4) at bus stops. 83. (1) His both hands (2) have been injured (3) so he (4) cannot work. 84. (1) Several guests noticed Mr. Peter (2) fall back (3) in his chair (4) and gasping for breath. 85. (1) the short story (2) should not exceed (3) more than (4) two hundreds word. 86. (1) they appointed him (2) as a manager (3) as he (4) is efficient. 87. (1) owing to illness (2) he was unable (3) to go (4) for his holiday. DIRECTIONS (for Qs. 88-94) Consist of a number of sentences which, when properly sequenced, form a coherent paragraph. Each sentence is labelled with a letter. Choose the most logical order of sentences from among the four choices lettered (1) through (4). 88. A. The men jumped up and rushed to the river B. They poured it on the glowing bed of charcoal C. The water gurgled out and the dying embers hissed and sent up little curls of vapour D. They quickly came back with pitchers laden with water. (1) DABC (2) ADCB (3) CBAD (4) BADC 89. A. A failure to put the right person at the right place could prove expensive for the organisation B. All managers are decision makers C. The rightness of a decision largely depends upon whether or not the manager has utilized the right persons in right ways. D. The effectiveness of managers is largely reflected in their track record in taking the right decisions (1) DCBA (2) BDCA (3) ABCD (4) BACD 90. A. I also believe in the possibility as well as the desirability of applying science to problems arising in social science B. Believing as I do in social science, I can only look with apprehension upon social pseudo-science C. I am a rationalist, which means that I believe in discussion and argument D. I may say why I have chosen this particular subject (1) CDAB (2) DCAB (3) BCAD (4) DBAC 91. A. The investigation was confined to manufacturing firms in the area B. Those concerned with mining and quarrying, construction, transport, and trade and commerce, were excluded C. The number of workers employed by the firms in the area ranged from a dozen to approximately 35,000 D. A long search produced a comprehensive list of 203 manufacturing firms. (1) ABDC (2) BCDA (3) DCBA (4) CBDA 92. A. Moreover, private sector competitors claim to be moving from aluminium manufacture to specialized uses of the metal B. The new concern could probably supply the metal to established cornpanies for use as input C. As we all know, there is still shortage of the metal D. All in all, though, the new plant will not threaten existing manufacturers in a big way (1) ADCB (2) BCDA (3) DBCA (4) CDBA 93. A. The causes of success or failure are deep and complex, chance plays a part B. Motivation and opportunity can be supplied in good part by incentive compensation and decentralization respectively C. It is not easy to say why one management is successful and another is not D Experience has convinced me, however, that for those who are responsible for a business, motivation and opportunity are very important factors. (1) CDAB (2) DCAB (3) CADB (4) ACDB 94. A. The wind at his back also helped him on his course B. Dark as the night was he found it easy to follow the track C. Not only that he was confident that there would be few, if any, traces of his passage D. Thanks to the drought, it was hard and finn and he made good speed (1) CABD (2) DACB (3) DBAC (4) BCDA DIRECTIONS (for Qs. 95-100) Consist of sentences each of which contains one or two idioms. Four possible meanings labelled (1) through (4) are provided below each sentence. Choose the one which best expresses the meaning of the idiom. 95. I would like to see Ramu do his own work for a change instead of always back seat driving. (1) driving a car from the back (2) being critical of work being done by others (3) offering advice (4) annoying 96. He proved to be quite a wet blanket at the party for he spoke to no one and morosely sat by himself. (1) he was crying (2) discouraged the rest from having fun (3) he wet the blanket (4) he had covered himself with a wet blanket 97. The ship was about to weigh anchor when the storm came. (1) weigh the anchor (2) leave the docking berth (3) raise the anchor (4) drop the anchor 98. Debu had a chequered career since I first knew him as a clerk in the local bank (1) had a variety of jobs and experiences (2) a career which helped him make lots of money (3) a career where he signed a lot of cheques (4) did odd jobs 99. Women should be paid the same as men when they do the same job, for surely, what is sauce for gander is sauce for the goose. (1) both goose and gander should be equally treated (2) what is thought suitable for a man should also be for a woman (3) goose and gander eat the same sauce (4) the principle of equal treatment should be implemented 100. The two women are so jealous that at the drop of a hat they start insulting each other. (1) on every occasion (2) for no reason at all (3) when a hat is dropped (4) very rarely |