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Re: Ph.D in Economics Entrance Exam Syllabus

As you want to get Ph.D Economics Entrance Exam Syllabus of Pune university, so here I am giving you same:

Topic 1. Introduction:-
1.1 Micro Economics: - Nature, Scope, Importance & Limitations.
1.2 Methodology of Economics: - Deductive V/s Inductive.
1.3 Economics - Statics & Dynamics
1.4 Basic Economic Problems :- Scarcity & Choice
1.5 Price Mechanism: - Functions & Limitations.
Topic 2. Demand Analysis –
2.1 Cardinal Utility Approach - Law of Diminishing Marginal Utility ,
Consumer’s equilibrium, Derivation of Demand Curve, Law of Demand.
2.2 Ordinal Utility Approach:- Indifference curve, Properties Consumer’s
equilibrium, Price, income & substitution effects, Derivation of Demand
Curve.
2.3 Revealed Preference Theory of Demand.
2.4 Recent Development in Demand Theory :- Hicksian Revised Theory –
Neumann – Morgenstern Statistical Utility Theory, Armstrong’s Marginal
Preference Theory .
Topic 3. Consumer Surplus and Elasticity of Demand:-
3.1 Consumer Surplus: - Meaning, Marshall’s Measurement of Consumer
Surplus, Measurement of Consumer Surplus through indifference Curve
analysis, Critical Evaluation.
3.2 Elasticity of Demand :- Meaning, Price Elasticity of Demand,
Measurement of Price elasticity, Income Elasticity of Demand, Cross
Elasticity of Demand, Numerical Problems .
Ph.D Economics Entrance Exam Syllabus of pune university
UNIVERSITY OF PUNE
Department of Economics
Instructions:
1) The syllabus for the candidates of PET is given below, it includes the
MA economics syllabus of Micro and Macro, also Growth and
Development, Public Finance, International Economics and Statistics
2) The examination will take place tentatively on the 16th/17th/18th of
January in the Department of Economics, Ambedkar Bhavan, first
floor, University of Pune.
3) The exact date and time will be notified soon on the Net.
4) The question paper will be of 100 marks and it will contain 20 marks
objective questions and 80 marks subjective question which will
include short notes, answer the following, give reasons, explain the
following statements and questions like that. The objective
questions will be - fill in the blanks and match the following, write
true or false and such type.
Syllabus for the PhD entrance
EC- 101 – Micro Economic Analysis – I
Topic 1. Introduction:-
1.1 Micro Economics: - Nature, Scope, Importance & Limitations.
1.2 Methodology of Economics: - Deductive V/s Inductive.
1.3 Economics - Statics & Dynamics
1.4 Basic Economic Problems :- Scarcity & Choice
1.5 Price Mechanism: - Functions & Limitations.
Topic 2. Demand Analysis –
2.1 Cardinal Utility Approach - Law of Diminishing Marginal Utility ,
Consumer’s equilibrium, Derivation of Demand Curve, Law of Demand.
2.2 Ordinal Utility Approach:- Indifference curve, Properties Consumer’s
equilibrium, Price, income & substitution effects, Derivation of Demand
Curve.
2.3 Revealed Preference Theory of Demand.
2.4 Recent Development in Demand Theory :- Hicksian Revised Theory –
Neumann – Morgenstern Statistical Utility Theory, Armstrong’s Marginal
Preference Theory .
Topic 3. Consumer Surplus and Elasticity of Demand:-
3.1 Consumer Surplus: - Meaning, Marshall’s Measurement of Consumer
Surplus, Measurement of Consumer Surplus through indifference Curve
analysis, Critical Evaluation.
3.2 Elasticity of Demand :- Meaning, Price Elasticity of Demand,
Measurement of Price elasticity, Income Elasticity of Demand, Cross
Elasticity of Demand, Numerical Problems .
Topic 4. Theory of Production:
3
4.1 Supply Analysis: Economies of Scale: - Internal Economies and
Diseconomies, External Economies and Diseconomies.
4.2 Production Possibility Curve.
4.3 Production Function :- Law of Variable Proportions
4.4 Returns to Scale.
4.5 Isoquants:- Properties , Producer’s equilibrium
4.6 Linear Homogenous Production Function
4.7 Cobb - Douglas Production Function.
Topic 5. Cost and Revenue
5.1 Cost Concepts: - Accounting and Economic Cost, Private Cost and Social
Cost, Opportunity Cost, Fixed and Variable Cost, Average, Marginal and
Total Cost, Numerical Problems.
5.2 Short Run and Long Run Cost Curves
5.3 Revenue Concepts: - Average, Marginal and Total Revenue, Numerical
Problems.
Basic Reading List:
ıStigler G. (1996) Theory of Price, 4th Edition, Prentice Hall of India, New Delhi.
ıSen A. (1999) Microeconomics: Theory and Application, Oxford University Press,
New
Delhi.
ıKreps David M. (1990), A Course in Microeconomic Theory, Princeton University
Press,
Princeton.
ıSamuelson, P.A. and W.O. Nordhaus (1998), Economics, 16th Edition, Tata
McGraw Hill,
New Delhi.
ıVerian H. (2000) Microeconomic Analysis, W.W Norton New Yark.
ıMichale Perkin (1996) Economics, 3rd Edition, Addison Westey Publishing
company, Inc.
U.S.A.
ıKoutsoyiannis, A. (1979), Modern Microeconomics, 2nd edition Macmillan Press,
London.
ıLayard, P.R.G. and A.W. Walters (1978) Microeconomic Theory, McGraw Hill, New
Yark.
ıAhuja H.L. (2003) Advanced Economic theory : Microeconomic Analysis, 13th
Edition,
S.Chand and Co. Ltd. New Delhi.
4
ıSen, A/ (1999) Microeconomics: theory and Applications, Oxford University Press,
New
Delhi.
ıChaturvedi, Gupta and Pal (2002) Business Economics: Text and Cases Galgotia
Publishing Company, New Delhi.
Additional Reading List:
Topic 1:
ıBaumol W.J.(1982) Economic Theory and operations Analysis, Prentice Hall of
India, New
Delhi.
Topic 2:
ıBaumol W.J.(1982) Economic Theory and operations Analysis, Prentice Hall of
India, New
Delhi.
ıGreen H.A.G.(1971) Consumer theory, Penguni Harmonds Worth.
ıHenderson, A.M. and R.E. Quandt (1980) Microeconomic Theory. A Mathematical
Approach, McGraw Hill, New Delhi.
ıHirshleifer J. and A.Glazer (1997) Price Theory and Applications, Prentice Hall of
India,New Delhi.
Topic 3:
ıDa Costa, Go Co (1980) Production Prices and Distribution, Tata MacGraw Hill
New
Delhi.
ıHealthfields and Wibe (1987) An Introduction to cost and Production’s Functions,
Macmillan, London.
ıHirshleifer J. and A.Glazer (1997) Price Theory and Applications, Prentice Hall of
India,New Delhi.
Topics 4 & 5:
ıDa Costa, Go Co (1980) Production Prices and Distribution, Tata MacGraw Hill
New
Delhi.
ıHirshleifer J. and A.Glazer (1997) Price Theory and Applications, Prentice Hall of
India,
New Delhi.
E
C- 102 – Public Finance
Topic 1. Introduction -
1.1 The Role of the Government in a Changing Perspective
1.2 Fiscal Functions of the Government.
1.3 Co-ordination among these Functions.
1.4 Provision of Private Goods, Public Goods, Social Goods, Merit Goods and
Mixed Goods.
Topic 2. Principles of Taxation –
2.1 Principle of Fiscal Neutrality, Excess Burden, Doctrine Principle of Equity,
Benefit Principle, Bowen and Lindhal Models, Ability to pay Principle
Administrative Efficiency .
2.2 Application of Taxation Principles in Developing Countries.
2.3 Meaning, Types and Measurement of Taxable Capacity.
Topic 3. Impact and Incidence of Taxes
3.1 Meaning of Impact and Incidence
3.2 Distinction Between Impact and Incidence
3.3 Types of Incidence
3.4 Theories of Shifting Incidence
3.5 Shifting of Tax Incidence under Different Market Conditions.
Topic 4. Public Expenditure
4.1 Wagner’s Law
4.2 Wiseman – Peacock Hypothesis
4.3 Pure Theory of Public Expenditure
4.4 Social Cost- Benefit Analysis
Topic 5. Public Debt.
5.1 Classical, Keynesian and Post – Keynesian Approaches of Public Debt.
5.2 Classification of Public Debt.
5.3 Burden of Public Debt.
5.4 Public Debt Management
5.5 Repayment of Public Debt.
6
Basic Reading List: - Public Finance
1.Richard A. Musgrave (1989), Public Finance in Theory and Practice McGraw Hill
Book Company, New York.
2.Buchaman J.M. (1970), The Public Finances, Richard D.Irwin, Homewood.
3.Jha H. (1998), Modern Public Economics, Routledge, London.
4.Singh S.K. (1986) Public Finance in Developed and Developing Countries,
S.Chand
and Company Ltd, New Delhi.
5.Chelliah R.J. (1971), Fiscal Policy in Underdeveloped Countries.
6.Hemlata Rao (2006) Fiscal Federalism –Issues and Policies, New Countury
Publications, New Delhi.
7.Atkinson A.B. and J.E. Siglitz (1980). Lectures on Public Economics, Tata
MacGraw
Hill, New Delhi.
Additional Reading List :
Topic: 1
- Comes R. and T.Sandler (1986) The theory of Externalities, Public Goods and Club
Goods, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
- Duff L. (1997), Government and Market, Orient Longman, New Delhi.
- Friedman A. 91986), Welfare Economics and Social Choice Theory, Martins
Nighoff,
Boston.
Topic: 2 & 3
- Bird R. And O.Aidman (1967) Reading on Taxation in Developing Countries, The
John
Hopkins University.
- Musgrave R.A. and C. Shoup (ed) (1970), Reading in the Economics of Taxation,
George Alien and Unwin, London.
Topic: 4.
- Mishan E.J. (1982), Cost-Benefit Analysis; An Informal Introduction, George Alian
and Unwin, London.
- Premchand A. (1966), Control of Public Expenditure in India, Allied Publishers,
New
Delhi.
Topic: 5
- Barman K. (1986) Public Debt Management in India, Uppal Publishing house, New
Delhi.
- Sreakantaradhya B.s. 91972) Public Debt and Economic Development in India,
New
Delhi.
EC- 201 – MICRO ECONOMIC ANALYSIS – II
Topic 1. Price & output Determination (I) -
1.1 Perfect Competition - Features, Price Determination, Equilibrium of the Firm
and Industry.
1.2 . Monopoly: - Price and Output Determination.
1.3 Comparison between Monopoly equilibrium in and perfect Competiton
Equilibrium
1.4 Discriminating Monopoly – Price Discrimination, Equilibrium under
Discriminating Monopoly.
1.5 Regulation of Monopoly – Through Taxation, and Price Regulation
Topic 2. Price & output Determination (II) -
2.1 Monopolistic Competition – Price and Output Determination.
2.2 Critique of Chamberlin’s Theory of Monopolistic Competition
2.3 Excess Capacity under Monopolistic Competition
2.4 Selling Cost.
2.5 Oligopoly – Price and Output Determination.
2.6 Cournot’s Model and Chamberlin’s Model of Oligopoly.
2.7 Kinked Demand Curve in Oligopoly.
2.8 Game Theory of Oligopoly.
2.9 Duopoly – Price and Output Determination.
Topic 3. Alternative Theories of the Firm –
3.1 Baumol’s Model of Sales Revenue Maximization.
3.2 Marris’s Managerial Model of the Firm.
20
3.3 Williamson’s Managerial Model of the Firm.
Topic 4. Factor Pricing –
4.1 Marginal Productivity Theory.
4.2 Euler’s Theorem and Product Exhaustion Problem or Adding up
Problem.
4.3 Modern Theory of Rent.
4.4 Wage Determination under Collective Bargaining.
4.5 Fixation of Minimum Wage.
4.6 Modern Theory of Interest, IS-LM Curve Model.
4.7 Dynamic Theory of Profit, Innovation Theory, Risk and Uncertainty
Theory.
Topic 5. Welfare Economics.
5.1 Pigou’s Theory of Welfare Economics
5.2 Conditions of Pareto Optimality.
5.3 Bergson – Samulson’s Social Welfare Function.
5.4 Arrow’s Impossibility Theoriem.
Basic Reading List :-
ıMichael Perkin (1996) Economics 3rd Edition, Addison Westey Publishing
Company, Inc. U.S.A.
ıStigler G. (1996) Theory of Price, 4th Edition, Prentice Hall of India, New Delhi.
ıSamulson P.A. and W.O. Nordhaus (1998) Economics 16th Edition Tata Mc
Gram Hill, New Delhi
ıDewett K.K. Modern Economic Theory, S. Chand & Company Ltd., Revised
Edition 2005.
ıAhuja H.L. Modern Economics 13th Edition, 2008, S.Chand and Company Ltd.,
New Delhi.
ıLayard P.R.G. and A.W. Walters (1978) Micro – Economic Theory, Mc Gram
Hill, New Yark.
ıKreps David M.(1990) A Course in Micro Economic Theory Princeton
University Press, Prencetion.
21
ıSen A. (1999) Micro Economics Theory and Application , Oxford University
Press , New Delhi
ıBroadway R.W.and Bruse (1984) Welfare Economics, Busil Blackwell, London.
Topic 1
ıArchibald G.C. (1971) Theory of the firm, Penguin, Harmondsworth.
ıBain J. (1958) Barriers to New Competition, Harrard University Press, Harvard.
Topic 2
ıHirshleifer J. and A.Glazer (1997) Price Theory and Applications, Prentice Hall of
India,New Delhi.
Topic 3
ıBroadway R.W. and Bruce (1984) Welfare Economics, Busil Blackwell, London.
ıGraff J. De V. (1957) Theoretical Welfare Economics, Cambridge University Press,
Cambridge.
ıHenderson, A.M. and R.E. Quandt (1980) Microeconomic Theory. A Mathematical
Approach, McGraw Hill, New Delhi.
Topic 4& 5
ıMishan E.J. (1969) Welfare Economics: an Assessment, North Holland,
Amsterdam.
ıAhuja H.L. (2003) Advanced Economic theory: Microeconomic Analysis, 13th
Edition,
S.Chand and Co. Ltd. New Delhi.
EC- 202 – Indian Public Finance
Topic 1. Government Budgeting -
1.1 Budget – Meaning and Components.
1.2 Preparation, Presentation and Execution of Budget.
1.3 Economic Classification of Budget
1.4 Budget Deficits and Their Implications.
Topic 2. Revenue, Expenditure and Public Debt.-
2.1 Trends in Revenues of Union , State and Local Bodies since 1991.
2.2 Trends in Expenditure of Union , State and Local Bodies since 1991.
2.3 Burden of Public Debt on Indian Economy
2.4 Public Debt Policy Since 1991.
2.5 Reforms in Direct and Indirect Taxes
Topic 3. Deficit Financing -
3.1 Meaning and Objectives of Deficit Financing.
3.2 Trends in Different Types of Deficits Since 1991.
3.3 Deficit Financing in India.
3.4 Effects of Deficit Financing on Indian Economy.
3.5 Assessment of the Recent Central Government Budget.
Topic 4. Fiscal Policy –
4.1 Meaning and Objectives.
4.2 Interdependence of Monetary and Fiscal Policies.
4.3 Automatic Vs Discretionary Stabilizers.
4.4 Balanced Budget, Multiplier & Crowing Out Effects.
4.5 Indian Fiscal Policy since 1991.
4.6 Indian Fiscal Imbalance - Indicators, Causes, Effects & Remedial Measures.
Topic 5. Federal Finance.
23
5.1 Principles of Federal Finance.
5.2 Assignment of Functions & Devolution of Resources and Grants.
5.3 Vertical and Horizontal Imbalance.
5.4 Transfer of Resources from Union to States.
5.5 Recommendations of Eleventh and Twelth Finance Commissions.
5.6 Centre – States conflicts on Finances
Basic Reading List :- India Public Finance
1.Tripathy R.N. Public Finance in Underdeveloped Countries.
2.Dr. Joshi P.L. Zero Base Budgeting Technology in Government, Dhruv and Deep
Books, Bombay.
3.Dr.Tyagi B.P., Public Finance, Jai Prakash Nath Pub.Meerat (UP).
4.Mithani D.M. Principles of Public Finance and Fiscal Policy Himalaya Publishing
House, New Delhi.
5.Ruddar Datt and K.P.M. Sundharam (2006), Indian Economy, S.C.Chand and
Company Ltd, New Delhi.
6.Ashutosh Raravikar, Fiscal Deficit and Inflation in India, Macmillan India Ltd. New
Delhi.
Topic 1
- Sheth C.S. Theory and Practice of Public Finance, Himalaya Publishing House,
New
Delhi.
- Nanjundappa D.M. Studies in Public Finance, Asia Publishing House New Delhi.
Topic 2
- Bhargave R.N. (1967), The Theory and Working of Union Finance in India,
Chaitanya
Publishing House, Allahabad.
Topic 3.
- American Economic Assiciation (1955) Readings in Fiscal Policy, George Alien and
unio, London.
Topic 4. & 5
- Bhargave R.N. (1969), Indian Public Finance, B.D. Shargava and Sons,
Chandausi.
- Bhargave P.K. (1976), Taxation of Agriculture in India, Vora and Co. Bombay.
- Bhargave P.K. (1991), Indian’s Fiscal Crisis, Ashish Publishing House, New Delhi.
- Gandi V.P. (1970), Some Aspects of India’s Tax Structure, Vora and company,
Bombay.
EC- 207 – Statistical Techniques
Topics I: Descriptive Statistics
1.1 Collection, Organization and Presentation of Data.
1.2 Measures of central tendency and dispersion- mean, median, mode,
standard
deviation, variance, covariance and correlation coefficients.
1.3 Correlation and regression analysis.
1.4 Measures of skewness and peaked ness.
Topic II: Sampling and sampling methods
2.1 Sample and Population, Parameters and Statistics.
2.2 Variables and Attributes; sampling and non-sampling errors;
2.3 Types of sampling
Topics III: Theory of Probability
3.1 Probability, distribution, Events spaces.
3.2 Joint, Marginal and Conditional Probability under conditions of certainty and
uncertainty. 3.3 Random variable: Expectation and Distribution.
3.4 Addition and Multiplication Theorems.
3.5 Probability Distribution, discrete and continuous and Expected values.
Topic IV: Probability Distribution Function
4.1 Binomial, Poisson,
4.2 Normal t-test, chi-square, t-test.
Topic V: Statistical Estimation and Testing of Hypothesis
5.1 Types of estimators and their properties.
5.2 Sampling distribution for sample mean and Proportion.
5.3 Point and Interval estimation.
5.4 Null and Alternate Hypothesis.
5.5 Level of significance and Level of confidence, Confidence limits and Critical
Region;
5.6 Tests of significance- Type I and II errors.
Topics VI: Time series
6.1 Nature and decomposition of a time series-trend.
6.2 Cyclical, seasonal and random components.
6.3 Fitting trend curves.
34
Topic VII: Index numbers
7.1 Laspeyer’s, Paasche’s and Fisher’s Indices
Books
Croxton and Dudley: Applied General Statistics
Gupta S. P.: Applied Statistics
**************
EC 301 Macro Economic Analysis I
1. National Income and Accounts :
Key concepts in Macro Economics, Circular flow of income: two three and four
sector economy – different forms of national income accounting, flow of funds
accounting and balance of payment accounting, Social Accounting
2. Consumption Function
Keynes Psychological law of consumption – Implications of the law of
consumption
– short run and long run consumption function ; Empirical evidence of
consumption
function, Income consumption relationship – absolute income, relative income,
life
cycle and permanent income hypothesis.
3 : Investment Function
Marginal efficiency of capital and investment — long run and short run;
Investment
Multiplier, The accelerator and investment behavior.
4 : Supply of Money
Financial intermediation — a mechanistic model of bank deposit determination;
A behavioural model of money supply determination, a demand determined
money
supply process; RBI approach to money supply; High powered money and
money
multiplier; budget deficits and money supply;
5 : Demand for Money
Classical approach to demand for money, Quantity theory approach, Fisher’s
equation, Cambridge quantity theory, Keynes’s liquidity preference approach,
transaction, precautionary and speculative demand for money, Liquidity trap —
aggregate demand for money; Derivation of LM curve.
3
BASIC READING LIST :
ıAckley,G. (1978), Macroeconomics : Theory and Policy, Macmillan, New
York.
ıD’souza Errol (2008) Macroeconomics : Person Publication, New Delhi.
ıBlackhouse, R. and A. Salansi (Eds.) (2000), Macroeconomics and the Real
World (2 Vols.),Oxford University Press, London.
ıBranson, W.A. (1989), Macroeconomic Theory and Policy, (3rd Edition),
Harper and Row,New York.
ıDornbusch, R. and F. Stanley (1997), Macroeconomics, McGraw Hill, Inc.,
New York.
ıHall, R.E. and J.B. Taylor (1986), Macroeconomics, W.W. Norton, New
York.
ıJha, R. (1991), Contemporary Macroeconomic Theory and Policy, Wiley
Eastern Ltd., NewDelhi.
ıRomer, D.L. (1996), Advanced Macroeconomics, McGraw Hill Company
Ltd., New York.
ıScarfe, B.L. (1977), Cycles, Growth and Inflation, McGraw Hill, New York.
ıShapiro, E. (1996), Macroeconomic Analysis, Galgotia Publications, New
Delhi.
ıSurrey, M.J.C. (Ed.) (1976), Macroeconomic Themes, Oxford University
Press, Oxford.
ADDITIONAL READING LIST
ıEdey, M. and A.T. Peacock (1967), National Income and Social Accounts,
Hutchinson University Library, London.
ıPowelson, J.P. (1960), National Income And Flow of Funds Analysis,
McGraw Hill, NewYork.
ıRao, V.K.R.V. (1983), India’s National Income : 1950 to 1980, Sage
Publications, New Delhi.
ıRuggles, R. and N. Ruggles (1956), National Income Accounts and Income
Analysis, McGraw Hill, New York.
ıUnited Nations (1974), Year Book of National Account Statistics.
4
ıDuesenberry, J.S. (1949), Income, Saving and the Theory of Consumer
Behaviour. Harvard University Press, Harvard.
ıFriedman, M. (1957), The Theory of Consumption Function, Princeton
University Press, Princeton.
ıKeynes, J.M. (1936), The General Theory of Employment, Interest and
Money, Macmillan, London.
ıMueller, M.G. (1966), Readings in Macroeconomics, Holt Rinehart and
Winston, New York.
ıGordon, R. and S.G. Harris (1998), Macroeconomics, Addison Wesley.
ıCulbertson, J.M. (1968), Macroeconomic Theory and Stabilization Policy,
McGraw Hill, Kogenkosh, Tokyo.
ıChakravarty, S.C. (1985), Report of the Committee to Review the Working of
the Monetary System, Reserve Bank of India, Bombay.
ıGupta, S.B. (1995), Monetary Planning in India, Oxford University Press,
New Delhi.
ıGurley, J. and E.S. Shaw (1960), Money in a Theory of Finance, Brookings
Institution, Washington.
ıMckinen, G.E. (1978), Money, The Price Level and Interest Rates, Prentice
Hall of India, New Delhi.
ıReddy, Y.V. (2000), A Review of Monetary and Financial Sector Reforms in
India — A Central Banker’s Perspective, UBSPD, New Delhi.
ıFriedman, M. (1956), Studies in the Quantity Theory of Money, The
University of Chicago Press, Chicago.
ıKeynes, J.M. (1936), The General Theory of Employment, Interest and
Money Macmillan, London.
ıLaidler, D.E.W. (1977), Demand for Money : Theory and Evidence, Dum-
Don Valley, New York.
ıMckinen, G.E. (1978), Money, The Price Level and Interest Rates, Prentice
Hall of India, New Delhi.
ıLeijonhufvud, A. (1968), On Keynesian Economics and Economics of
Keynes, Oxford University Press, London.
ıLevacic, R. and A. Rebman (1986), Macroeconomics : An Introduction to
Keynesian and Neo-classical Controversies, Macmillan, London.
ıMankiw, N.G. and D. Romer (Eds.) (1991), New Keynesian Economics, (2
Vols.), MIT Press, Cambridge.
ıRakshit, M. (1998), Studies in the Macroeconomics of Developing Countries,
Oxford University Press, New Delhi.
ıFriedman, M. (1956), Studies in the Quantity Theory of Money, The
University of Chicago Press, Chicago.
ıHicks, J.R. (1974), The Crisis in Keynesian Economics, Oxford University
Press, New Delhi.
ıJha, R. (1999), Contemporary Macroeconomic Theory and Policy, New Age
International (P) Ltd., New Delhi.
ıLaidler, D.F.W. (1977), Demand for Money : Theory and Evidence, Dum-
Don Valley, New York.
ıLeijonhufvud, A. (1968), On Keynesian Economics and Economics of
Keynes, Oxford University Press, London.
ıPatinkin, D. (1965), Money, Interest and Prices, Harper and Row, New York.
ıGordon, R. and S.G. Harris (1998), Macroeconomics, Addison Wesley,
Massachusetts.
ıMankiw, N.G. and D. Romer (Eds.) (1991), New Keynesian Economics, (2
vols.), MIT Press, Cambridge.
ıFrisch, H. (1983), Theories of Inflation, Cambridge University Press,
Cambridge.
ıHagger, A.J. (1977), Inflation : Theory and Policy, Macmillan, London.
ıHudson, J. (1982), Inflation : A Theoretical Survey and Synthesis, George
Allen and Unwin, London.
ıSheffrin, S.M. (1996), Rational Expectations, Cambridge University Press,
Cambridge.
ıGordon, R.A. (1961), Business Fluctuations, Harper and Row.
ıGordon, R.A. and L.R. Klein (Eds.) (1965), Readings in Business Cycles,
Irwin, Homewood.
6
ıHicks, J.R. (1950), A Contribution to the Theory of Trade Cycles, Clarendon
Press, Oxford.
ıLucas, R. (1981), Studies in Business Cycle Theory, M.I.T. Press, Cambridge,
Masscechusetts.
ıTaylor, L. (1983), Structuralist Macroeconomics, Basic Books, New
Longman.
ıTurnovsky, S.J. (1977), Macroeconomic Analysis and Stabilization Policy,
Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
EC 302 ECONOMICS OF GROWTH
1. Introduction
Economic growth - Meaning, characteristic, Factors affecting economic growth :
capital, labour and technology;
2. Classical theories of Growth
Contributions of Adam Smith, Ricardo, Malthus, James Mill; Karl Marx and
development of capitalistic economy — Theory of social change, surplus value
and
profit; Immutable laws of capitalist development; Crisis in capitalism —
Schumpeter
and capitalistic development; innovation — role of credit, profit and degeneration
of
capitalism; Structural analysis of development; Imperfect market paradigm.
3.Growth Models - I
Harrod and Domar, instability of equilibrium; Neo-classical growth models —
Solow and Meade, Mrs. Joan Robinson’s growth model; Cambridge criticism of
Neoclassical analysis of growth, The capital controversy.
4. Growth Models - II
Technological progress — embodied and disembodied technical progress; Hicks,
Harrod; learning by doing, production function approach to the economic growth;
Total factor productivity and growth accounting; Growth models of Kaldor and
Pasinetti, Optimal savings and Ramsay’s rule, Golden rule of accumulation,
Stability of equilibrium; Money in economic growth, Tobin, Levhari, Patinkin and
Johnson; Endogenous growth; Intellectual capital: role of learning, education and
research; AK model — Explanations of cross country differentials in economic
growth.
8
BASIC READING LIST
ıAdelman, I. (1961), Theories of Economic Growth and Development,
Stanford University Press, Stanford.
ıBehrman, S. and T.N. Srinivasan (1995), Handbook of Development
Economics, Vol. 3, Elsevier, Amsterdam.
ıBrown, M. (1966), On the Theory and Measurement of Technical Change,
Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, Mass.
ıChenery, H.B. et. al. (Eds.) (1974), Redistribution with Growth, Oxford
University Press, Oxford.
ıDasgupta, P. (1993), An Enquiry into Well-being and Destitution, Clarendon
Press, Oxford.
ıGhatak, S. (1986), An Introduction to Development Economics, Allen and
Unwin, London.
ıGillis, M., D.H. Perkins, M. Romer and D.R. Snodgrass (1992), Economics of
Development, (3rd Edition), W.W. Norton, New York.
ADDITIONAL READING LIST
ıBarrell, R., G. Mason and M.O. Mahoney (2000), Productivity, Innovation
and Economic Performance, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
ıBarrow, R. and X. Sela-I, Martin, Economic Growth, McGraw Hill, New
York.
ıChakravarti, S. (1982), Alternative Approaches to the Theory of Economic
Growth, Oxford University Press, New Delhi.
ıHayami, Y. (1997), Development Economics, Oxford University Press, New
York.
ıMeadows, D.H. et. al. (1972), The Limits to Growth, Universe Books, New
York.
ıSen, A.K. (Ed.) (1990), Growth Economics, Penguin, Harmondsworth.
ıSolow, R.M. (2000), Growth Theory : An Exposition, Oxford University
Press, Oxford.
9
ıTaylor, L. (1979), Macro Models for Developing Countries, McGraw Hill,
New York.
ıTherberge, J.D. et. (1968), Economics of Trade and Development, John
Wiley, New York.
ıDasgupta, P. (1993), An Enquiry into Well-being and Destitution, Clarendon
Press, Oxford.
ıHirsch, A.O. (1958), The Strategy of Economic Development, Yale
University Press, New York.
ıLewis, W.A. (1955), The Theory of Economic Growth, George Allen and
Unwin, London.
ıMehrotra, S. and J. Richard (1998), Development with a Human Face, Oxford
University Press, New Delhi.
ıMeier, G.M. and D. Seers (Eds.) (1987), Pioneers in Development, Oxford
University Press, NewYork.
ıMyrdal, G. (1957), Economic Theory and Underdeveloped Regions,
Duckworth, London.
ıSchumpeter, J.A. (1949), The Theory of Economic Development, Harvard
University Press, Cambridge, Mass.
ıTodaro, M.P. (1971), Development Planning : Models and Methods, Oxford
University Press, Oxford.
EC- 401 Sub – Macro Economic Analysis II
1. Current issue and controversy in Macro Economics
The school of thoughts: Classical, neo classical, Keynasian and post
Keynesian.
2 : Neo-classical and Keynesian Synthesis
Neo-classical and Keynesian views on interest; The IS-LM model; Extension
of IS-LM model with government sector; Relative effectiveness of monetary
and fiscal policies; Extension of IS-LM models with labour market and
flexible prices.
3 : Post-Keynesian Demand For Money
Post-Keynesian approaches to demand for money — Patinkin and the Real
Balance Effect, Approaches of Baumol and Tobin; Friedman and the modern
quantity theory; Crisis in Keynesian economics and the revival of
monetarism.
4 : Theory of Inflation
Classical, Keynesian and Monetarist approaches to inflation; Structuralist
theory of inflation; Philips curve analysis — Short run and long run Philips
curve; Samuelson and Solow — the natural rate of unemployment hypothesis;
Tobin’s modified Philips curve; Policies to control inflation.
5 : Business Cycles
Theories of Schumpeter, Keyne’s, Kaldor, Samuelson and Hicks, Goodwin’s
model; Control of Business Cycles — relative efficacy of monetary and fiscal
policies.
30
BASIC READING LIST
ıAckley,G. (1978), Macroeconomics : Theory and Policy, Macmillan, New
York.
ıBlackhouse, R. and A. Salansi (Eds.) (2000), Macroeconomics and the Real
World (2 Vols.),Oxford University Press, London.
ıBranson, W.A. (1989), Macroeconomic Theory and Policy, (3rd Edition),
Harper and Row,New York..
ıD’souza Errol (2008) Macroeconomics : Person Publication, New Delhi.
ıDornbusch, R. and F. Stanley (1997), Macroeconomics, McGraw Hill, Inc.,
New York.
ıHall, R.E. and J.B. Taylor (1986), Macroeconomics, W.W. Norton, New
York.
ıHeijdra, B.J. and V.P. Fredericck (2001), Foundations of Modern
Macroeconomics, OxfordUniversity Press, New Delhi.
ıJha, R. (1991), Contemporary Macroeconomic Theory and Policy, Wiley
Eastern Ltd., NewDelhi.
ıRomer, D.L. (1996), Advanced Macroeconomics, McGraw Hill Company
Ltd., New York.
ıScarfe, B.L. (1977), Cycles, Growth and Inflation, McGraw Hill, New York.
ıShapiro, E. (1996), Macroeconomic Analysis, Galgotia Publications, New
Delhi.
ıSurrey, M.J.C. (Ed.) (1976), Macroeconomic Themes, Oxford University
Press, Oxford.
ADDITIONAL READING LIST
ıEdey, M. and A.T. Peacock (1967), National Income and Social Accounts,
Hutchinson University Library, London.
ıPowelson, J.P. (1960), National Income And Flow of Funds Analysis,
McGraw Hill, NewYork.
ıRao, V.K.R.V. (1983), India’s National Income : 1950 to 1980, Sage
Publications, New Delhi.
31
ıRuggles, R. and N. Ruggles (1956), National Income Accounts and Income
Analysis, McGraw Hill, New York.
ıUnited Nations (1974), Year Book of National Account Statistics.
ıDuesenberry, J.S. (1949), Income, Saving and the Theory of Consumer
Behaviour. Harvard University Press, Harvard.
ıFriedman, M. (1957), The Theory of Consumption Function, Princeton
University Press, Princeton.
ıKeynes, J.M. (1936), The General Theory of Employment, Interest and
Money, Macmillan, London.
ıMueller, M.G. (1966), Readings in Macroeconomics, Holt Rinehart and
Winston, New York.
ıGordon, R. and S.G. Harris (1998), Macroeconomics, Addison Wesley.
ıCulbertson, J.M. (1968), Macroeconomic Theory and Stabilization Policy,
McGraw Hill, Kogenkosh, Tokyo.
ıChakravarty, S.C. (1985), Report of the Committee to Review the Working of
the Monetary System, Reserve Bank of India, Bombay.
ıGupta, S.B. (1995), Monetary Planning in India, Oxford University Press,
New Delhi.
ıGurley, J. and E.S. Shaw (1960), Money in a Theory of Finance, Brookings
Institution, Washington.
ıMckinen, G.E. (1978), Money, The Price Level and Interest Rates, Prentice
Hall of India, New Delhi.
ıReddy, Y.V. (2000), A Review of Monetary and Financial Sector Reforms in
India — A Central Banker’s Perspective, UBSPD, New Delhi.
ıFriedman, M. (1956), Studies in the Quantity Theory of Money, The
University of Chicago Press, Chicago.
ıKeynes, J.M. (1936), The General Theory of Employment, Interest and
Money Macmillan, London.
ıLaidler, D.E.W. (1977), Demand for Money : Theory and Evidence, Dum-
Don Valley, New York.
ıMckinen, G.E. (1978), Money, The Price Level and Interest Rates, Prentice
Hall of India, New Delhi.
ıLeijonhufvud, A. (1968), On Keynesian Economics and Economics of
Keynes, Oxford University Press, London.
ıLevacic, R. and A. Rebman (1986), Macroeconomics : An Introduction to
Keynesian and Neo-classical Controversies, Macmillan, London.
ıMankiw, N.G. and D. Romer (Eds.) (1991), New Keynesian Economics, (2
Vols.), MIT Press, Cambridge.
ıRakshit, M. (1998), Studies in the Macroeconomics of Developing Countries,
Oxford University Press, New Delhi.
32
ıFriedman, M. (1956), Studies in the Quantity Theory of Money, The
University of Chicago Press, Chicago.
ıHicks, J.R. (1974), The Crisis in Keynesian Economics, Oxford University
Press, New Delhi.
ıJha, R. (1999), Contemporary Macroeconomic Theory and Policy, New Age
International (P) Ltd., New Delhi.
ıLaidler, D.F.W. (1977), Demand for Money : Theory and Evidence, Dum-
Don Valley, New York.
ıLeijonhufvud, A. (1968), On Keynesian Economics and Economics of
Keynes, Oxford University Press, London.
ıPatinkin, D. (1965), Money, Interest and Prices, Harper and Row, New York.
ıGordon, R. and S.G. Harris (1998), Macroeconomics, Addison Wesley,
Massachusetts.
ıMankiw, N.G. and D. Romer (Eds.) (1991), New Keynesian Economics, (2
vols.), MIT Press, Cambridge.
ıFrisch, H. (1983), Theories of Inflation, Cambridge University Press,
Cambridge.
ıHagger, A.J. (1977), Inflation : Theory and Policy, Macmillan, London.
ıHudson, J. (1982), Inflation : A Theoretical Survey and Synthesis, George
Allen and Unwin, London.
ıSheffrin, S.M. (1996), Rational Expectations, Cambridge University Press,
Cambridge.
ıGordon, R.A. (1961), Business Fluctuations, Harper and Row.
ıGordon, R.A. and L.R. Klein (Eds.) (1965), Readings in Business Cycles,
Irwin, Homewood.
ıHicks, J.R. (1950), A Contribution to the Theory of Trade Cycles, Clarendon
Press, Oxford.
ıLucas, R. (1981), Studies in Business Cycle Theory, M.I.T. Press, Cambridge,
Masscechusetts.
ıTaylor, L. (1983), Structuralist Macroeconomics, Basic Books, New
Longman.
ıTurnovsky, S.J. (1977), Macroeconomic Analysis and Stabilization Policy,
Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
33
EC - 402 Economics of Development
1: Social and Institutional Aspects of Growth
Perpetuation of underdevelopment; Poverty — Absolute and relative; Quality of
life
- Food security, education, health and nutrition; Human resource development;
Population problem and growth pattern of population- Theory of demographic
transition; Population as limits to growth as ultimate source
2: Approaches to Development
Partial theories of growth and development — vicious circle of poverty, circular
causation, unlimited supply of labour, big push, balanced growth, unbalanced
growth, critical minimum effort thesis, low-income equilibrium trap; Dualism —
technical, behavioral and social; Ranis and Fei model; Dixit and Marglin model,
Kelly et. al. Model; Dependency theory of development; Structural view of
development.
3: Sectoral Aspects of Development
Role of agriculture in economic development; Efficiency and productivity in
agriculture, New technology and sustainable agriculture; Globalization and
agricultural growth; Rationale and pattern of industrialization in developing
countries; The choice of techniques and appropriate technology and
employment;
Efficiency of small-scale vs. large-scale production; Terms of trade between
34
agriculture and industry; Infrastructure and its importance; Labour markets and
their
functioning in developing countries.
4: Trade and Economic Development
International trade as engine of growth; Static and dynamic gains from trade;
Prebisch, Singer and Myrdal theories vs. free trade; Export-led growth; Dual gap
analysis.
5: Macroeconomic Policies and Development
Role of monetary and fiscal policies in developing countries — Prior savings,
inflation and growth — Empirical evidence; External resources — FDI, aid vs.
trade,
technology inflow; MNC activity in developing countries; Borrowings — domestic
and external; Burden of borrowing
BASIC READING LIST
ıAdelman, I. (1961), Theories of Economic Growth and Development,
Stanford University Press, Stanford.
ıBehrman, S. and T.N. Srinivasan (1995), Handbook of Development
Economics, Vol. 3, Elsevier, Amsterdam.
ıBrown, M. (1966), On the Theory and Measurement of Technical Change,
Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, Mass.
ıChenery, H. and T.N. Srinivasan (Eds.) (1989), Handbook of Development
Economics, Vols.1 & 2, Elsevier, Amsterdam.
ıDasgupta, P. (1993), An Enquiry into Well-being and Destitution, Clarendon
Press, Oxford.
ıGhatak, S. (1986), An Introduction to Development Economics, Allen and
Unwin, London.
ıGillis, M., D.H. Perkins, M. Romer and D.R. Snodgrass (1992), Economics of
Development, (3rd Edition), W.W. Norton, New York.
ıGimmell, N. (1987), Surveys in Development Economics, Blackwell, Oxford.
ıHiggins, B. (1959), Economic Development, W.W. Norton, New York.
ıHogendorn, J. (1996), Economic Development, Addison, Wesley, New York.
ıKahkonon, S. and M. Olson (2000), A New Institutional Approach to
Economic Development, Vistaar.
ıKindleberger, C.P. (1977), Economic Development, (3rd Edition), McGraw
Hill, New York.
ıMeier, G.M. (1995), Leading Issues in Economic Development, (6th Edition),
Oxford University Press, New Delhi.
ıMyint, Hla (1965), The Economics of Underdeveloped Countries, Preager,
New York.
ıMyint, H. (1971), Economic Theory and Underdeveloped Countries, Oxford
University Press, New York.
ıTodaro, M.P. (1996), (6th Edition), Economic Development, Longman,
London.
35
ADDITIONAL READING LIST
ıBarrell, R., G. Mason and M.O. Mahoney (2000), Productivity, Innovation
and Economic Performance, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
ıHayami, Y. (1997), Development Economics, Oxford University Press, New
York.
ıTaylor, L. (1979), Macro Models for Developing Countries, McGraw Hill,
New York.
ıTherberge, J.D. et. al. (1968), Economics of Trade and Development, John
Wiley, New York.
ıDasgupta, P. (1993), An Enquiry into Well-being and Destitution, Clarendon
Press, Oxford.
ıHirsch, A.O. (1958), The Strategy of Economic Development, Yale
University Press, New York.
ıMehrotra, S. and J. Richard (1998), Development with a Human Face, Oxford
University Press, New Delhi.
ıMeier, G.M. and D. Seers (Eds.) (1987), Pioneers in Development, Oxford
University Press, NewYork.
ıMyrdal, G. (1957), Economic Theory and Underdeveloped Regions,
Duckworth, London.
ıSchumpeter, J.A. (1949), The Theory of Economic Development, Harvard
University Press, Cambridge, Mass.
ıTodaro, M.P. (1971), Development Planning : Models and Methods, Oxford
University Press, Oxford.
ıUnited Nations (1994), Human Development Report, United Nations, New
York.
ıCampbell, N. and F. Burton (Eds.) (1994), Japanese Multinationals,
Routledge, New York.
ıDasgupta, P., A.K. Sen and S. Marglin (1972), Guidelines for Project
Evaluation, UNIDO, Vienna.
ıHirsch, A.O. (1958), The Strategy of Economic Development, Yale
University Press, New York.
ıMehrotra, S. and J. Richard (1998), Development with a Human Face, Oxford
University Press, New Delhi.
ıMyrdal, G. (1957), Economic Theory and Underdeveloped Regions,
Duckworth, London.
ıRanis, G. and A. Mahmood (1992), Political Economy for Development,
Blackwell, Cambridge Mass.
ıSen, A. (1992), Inequality Reexamined, Oxford University Press, Oxford.
ıUnited Nations (1994), Human Development Report, United Nations, New
York.
ıBhagwati, J. and P. Desai (1970), India : Planning for Industrialization,
Oxford University Press, London.
ıGrossman, G. and E. Helpman (1991), Innovation and Growth in the Global
Economy, MIT Press, Cambridge, Mass.
36
ıNayyar, D. (Ed.) (1994), Industrial Growth and Stagnation : The Debate in
India, Oxford University Press, New Delhi.
ıTodaro, M.P. (1971), Development Planning : Models and Methods, Oxford
University Press, Oxford.
ıWeiss, J. (1988), Industry in Developing Countries, Croom Helm, London.
ıHayami, Y. (1997), Development Economics, Oxford University Press, New
York.
ıHayami, Y. and M. Akoi (Eds.) (1998), The Institutional Foundations of East
Asian Economic Development, Macmillan, London.
ıKillick, T. (1995), IMF Programmes in Developing Countries : Design and
Impact, Routledge, London.
ıLittle, I.M.D. (1982), Economic Development : Theory and International
Relations, Basic Books, New York.
ıMason, M. (1992), American Multinationals and Japan, Harvard University
Press.
ıTherberge, J.D. (Ed.) (1968), Economics of Trade and Development, John
Wiley, New York.
ıBrahmananda, P.R. and C.N. Vakil (1956), Planning for an Expanding
Economy, Vora and Co., Bombay.
ıChakravarti, S. (1987), Development Planning : The Indian Experience,
Clarendon Press, Oxford.
ıGupta, S.B. (1988), Monetary Economics : Institutions, Theory and Policy, S.
Chand and Co., New Delhi.
ıJadhav, N. (1995), Monetary Economics for India, Macmillan, New Delhi.
ıKillick, T. (1995), IMF Programmes in Developing Countries : Design and
Impact, Routledge, London.
ıLittle, I.M.D. (1982), Economic Development : Theory and International
Relations, Basic Books, New York.
ıMason, M. (1992), American Multinationals and Japan, Harvard University
Press, Cambridge,Mass.
ıMehrotra, S. and J. Richard (1998), Development with a Human Face, Oxford
University Press, New Delhi.
37
ıTherberge, J.D. (Ed.) (1968), Economics of Trade and Development, John
Wiley, New York.
ıWorld Bank (1993), East Asian Miracle, World Bank Report, Washington
D.C.
ıWorld Bank (1994), Infrastructure and Development, World Bank,
Washington D.C.
ıUnited Nations (1994), Human Development Report, United Nations, New
York.
ıBhagwati, J. and P. Desai (1970), India : Planning for Industrialization,
Oxford University Press, London.
ıBrahmananda, P.R. and C.N. Vakil (1956), Planning for an Expanding
Economy, Vora and Co., Bombay.
ıChakravarti, S. (1987), Development Planning : The Indian Experience,
Clarendon Press, Oxford.
ıMehrotra, S. and J. Richard (1998), Development with a Human Face, Oxford
University Press, New Delhi.
ıThirlwal, A.P. (1974), Inflation, Saving and Growth in Developing
Economies, Macmillan,London.
ıTodaro, M.P. (1971), Development Planning : Models and Methods, Oxford
University Press, Oxford.
EC- 403 INTERNATIONAL ECONOMICS
1. Theories of International Trade
Comparative Cost advantage, Heckscher-Ohlin theory of trade and Neo
Heckcher-
Ohlin theorem. Kravis, Samuelson’s Factor Price Equalization Theory, Linder
theory of trade. Leontief paradox, Stoper-Samuelson’s theorem, New Theories of
Intra- industry trade and economies of Scale.
2. Terms of trade and Determination of Exchange Rate
Concept and types of terms of trade. Terms of trade and Less developed
countries.
Theories of exchange rate determination, Fixed and Flexible Exchange control –
meaning objectives & methods of exchange control. Meaning types and effects of
tariffs and Non-tariff barriers.
3. Balance of Payments
Meaning and components of balance of payments; Theories of balance of
payments,
Equilibrium and disequilibrium in the balance of payments.
4. Trade policies in India
Recent changes in the direction and composition of trade and their implications.
Instruments of export promotion, Recent import and export policies.
5. International Financial Movements
International trade and financial institutions – IMF, World Bank & WTO. Foreign
investment and their impact on the Indian Economy. Role of Multinational
corporation.
39
BASIC READING LIST
ıBhagwati, J. (Ed.) (1981), International Trade, Selected Readings,
Cambridge, University Press, Massachusetts.
ıCarbough, R.J. (1999), International Economics, International Thompson
Publishing, New York.
ıPaul R. Krugman & Maurice Obstfeld (2009) International Economics Theory
and Policy. Pearson Education Publication New Delhi
ıChacholiades, M. (1990), International Trade : Theory and Policy, McGraw
Hill, Kogakusha, Japan.
ıDana, M.S. (2000), International Economics : Study, Guide and Work Book,
(5th Edition), Routledge Publishers, London.
ıDunn, R.M. and J.H. Mutti (2000), International Economics, Routledge,
London.
ıKenen, P.B. (1994), The International Economy, Cambridge University Press,
London.
ıKindleberger, C.P. (1973), International Economics, R.D. Irwin, Homewood.
ıKing, P.G. (1995), International Economics and International Economic
Policy : A Reader, McGraw Hill International, Singapore.
ıKrugman, P.R. and M. Obstfeld (1994), International Economics : Theory and
Policy, Glenview, Foresman.
ıSalvatore, D. (1997), International Economics, Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle
River, N.J., New York.
ıSoderston, Bo (1991), International Economics, The Macmillan Press Ltd.,
London.
ADDITIONAL READING LIST
ıCorden, W.M. (1965), Recent Developments in the Theory of International
Trade, Princeton University Press, Princeton.
ıGreenway, D. (1983), International Trade Policy, Macmillan Publishers Ltd.,
London.
ıAggarwal, M.R. (1979), Regional Economic Cooperation in South Asia, S.
Chand and Co.,New Delhi.
ıBarrow, R.J. (1993), Macro Economics, 4th Edition, John Wiley, New York.
ıBhagwati, J. (1988), Protectionism, Cambridge University Press, Mass.
ıClement, M.O., R.L. Pffister and K.J. Rothwell (1969), Theoretical Issues in
International Economics, Cosntable Publication, London.
ıCorden, W.M. (1974), Trade Policy and Economic Welfare, Clarendon Press
Oxford.
ıGoldstein, M. (1998), The Asian Financial Crisis : Causes, Cure and
Systematic Implication, Institute for International Economics, Washington,
ıJackson, J. (1989), The World Trading System, Cambridge University Press,
Mass.
ıPomfrert, R. (1988), Unequal Trade : The Economics of Discriminatory
International Trade Policies, Blackwell Publishers, Oxford.
ıCrockett, A. (1982), International Money : Issues and Analysis, The ELBS
and Nelson


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