Metro Rail Working Principle

Can you tell me about the working Principles for Metro Rail, in general in the world as I am very curious to know the details?

[pawan]

The Metro rails actually work on the principle of DC shunt motors, no usage of gears, many parts are electrified.

The Metro consists of microcontroller with the RF receiver and the voice recorder chip with speaker.

The whole system is attached to the vehicle (Train). When the project is powered the train moves, until it encounters a RF card placed beneath the track. The encoded RF transmitters are placed in the railway stations.

The microcontroller in train is programmed in such a way that every station name saved in the voice chip which is having a unique code.

So whenever the train reaches the station, the receiver in the train receives the codes, which are transmitted form the transmitter and the microcontroller receives the code and checks in the look up table, saved in the chip.

Which ever matches, the controller send the command to the voice chip to play that particular voice, the announcement can be done for 6 seconds with the station number and the place.

Same time the train stops for about 10 seconds in the station and then before leaving the station, it will again start to announce it is leaving and starts to move to next station.

The voice chip plays the voice and is heard in the speaker. The voice is repeated till the train leaves the station. Many times, LCD is used for the display purpose, in the programming what have stored it is displayed in the LCD.

The trains use centralized automatic train control (CATC) comprising automatic train operation (ATO), automatic train protection (ATP) and automatic train signaling (ATS) systems.

Intercoms are provided for emergency communication between the passengers and the driver in each coach, and on-train announcements are in Hindi and English. There are also route maps and LCD display systems in every coach.

Fare collection is through contact less, stored-value smartcards. The metro has its own police force, and a training school for operational and maintenance staff. Security is supported by about CCTV cameras at stations.