JEE Advanced Chemistry Questions

Can you provide me the syllabus of Chemistry subject of JEE (Joint Entrance Examination) Advance exam on which the question paper is based as I need it for preparation of the exam?

[Shaleen]

The syllabus of Chemistry subject of JEE (Joint Entrance Examination) Advance exam is as follows:

Physical Chemistry

General topics: Concept of atoms and molecules; Dalton’s atomic theory;

Mole concept; Chemical formulae; Balanced chemical equations; Calculations
(based on mole concept) involving common oxidation-reduction,

neutralisation, and displacement reactions; Concentration in terms of mole
fraction, molarity, molality and normality.

Gaseous and liquid states: Absolute scale of temperature, ideal gas equation;
Deviation from ideality, van der Waals equation; Kinetic theory of gases,
average, root mean square and most probable velocities and their relation
with temperature; Law of partial pressures; Vapour pressure; Diffusion of
gases.

Atomic structure and chemical bonding: Bohr model, spectrum of hydrogen
atom, quantum numbers; Wave-particle duality, de Broglie hypothesis;
Uncertainty principle; Qualitative quantum mechanical picture of hydrogen
atom, shapes of s, p and d orbitals; Electronic configurations of elements (up
to atomic number 36); Aufbau principle; Pauli’s exclusion principle and
Hund’s rule; Orbital overlap and covalent bond; Hybridisation involving s, p
and d orbitals only; Orbital energy diagrams for homonuclear diatomic
species; Hydrogen bond; Polarity in molecules, dipole moment (qualitative
aspects only); VSEPR model and shapes of molecules (linear, angular,
triangular, square planar, pyramidal, square pyramidal, trigonal bipyramidal,
tetrahedral and octahedral).

Energetics: First law of thermodynamics; Internal energy, work and heat,
pressure-volume work; Enthalpy, Hess’s law; Heat of reaction, fusion and
vapourization; Second law of thermodynamics; Entropy; Free energy;
Criterion of spontaneity.

Chemical equilibrium: Law of mass action; Equilibrium constant, Le
Chatelier’s principle (effect of concentration, temperature and pressure);
Significance of ΔG and ΔG° in chemical equilibrium; Solubility product,
common ion effect, pH and buffer solutions; Acids and bases (Bronsted and
Lewis concepts); Hydrolysis of salts.

Electrochemistry: Electrochemical cells and cell reactions; Standard
electrode potentials; Nernst equation and its relation to ΔG; Electrochemical
series, emf of galvanic cells; Faraday’s laws of electrolysis; Electrolytic
conductance, specific, equivalent and molar conductivity, Kohlrausch’s law;
Concentration cells.

Chemical kinetics: Rates of chemical reactions; Order of reactions; Rate
constant; First order reactions; Temperature dependence of rate constant
(Arrhenius equation).

Solid state: Classification of solids, crystalline state, seven crystal systems
(cell parameters a, b, c, α, β, γ), close packed structure of solids (cubic),
packing in fcc, bcc and hcp lattices; Nearest neighbours, ionic radii, simple
ionic compounds, point defects.

Solutions: Raoult’s law; Molecular weight determination from lowering of
vapour pressure, elevation of boiling point and depression of freezing point.

Surface chemistry: Elementary concepts of adsorption (excluding adsorption
isotherms); Colloids: types, methods of preparation and general properties;
Elementary ideas of emulsions, surfactants and micelles (only definitions and
examples).

Nuclear chemistry: Radioactivity: isotopes and isobars; Properties of α, β
and γ rays; Kinetics of radioactive decay (decay series excluded), carbon
dating; Stability of nuclei with respect to proton-neutron ratio; Brief
discussion on fission and fusion reactions.

Inorganic Chemistry

Isolation/preparation and properties of the following non-metals: Boron,
silicon, nitrogen, phosphorus, oxygen, sulphur and halogens; Properties of
allotropes of carbon (only diamond and graphite), phosphorus and sulphur.

Preparation and properties of the following compounds: Oxides, peroxides,
hydroxides, carbonates, bicarbonates, chlorides and sulphates of sodium,
potassium, magnesium and calcium; Boron: diborane, boric acid and borax;
Aluminium: alumina, aluminium chloride and alums; Carbon: oxides and
oxyacid (carbonic acid); Silicon: silicones, silicates and silicon carbide;
Nitrogen: oxides, oxyacids and ammonia; Phosphorus: oxides, oxyacids
(phosphorus acid, phosphoric acid) and phosphine; Oxygen: ozone and
hydrogen peroxide; Sulphur: hydrogen sulphide, oxides, sulphurous acid,
sulphuric acid and sodium thiosulphate; Halogens: hydrohalic acids, oxides
and oxyacids of chlorine, bleaching powder; Xenon fluorides.

Transition elements (3d series): Definition, general characteristics, oxidation
states and their stabilities, colour (excluding the details of electronic
transitions) and calculation of spin-only magnetic moment; Coordination
compounds: nomenclature of mononuclear coordination compounds, cis-trans
and ionisation isomerisms, hybridization and geometries of mononuclear
coordination compounds (linear, tetrahedral, square planar and octahedral).

Preparation and properties of the following compounds: Oxides and chlorides
of tin and lead; Oxides, chlorides and sulphates of Fe2+, Cu2+ and Zn2+;
Potassium permanganate, potassium dichromate, silver oxide, silver nitrate,
silver thiosulphate.

Ores and minerals: Commonly occurring ores and minerals of iron, copper,
tin, lead, magnesium, aluminium, zinc and silver.

Extractive metallurgy: Chemical principles and reactions only (industrial
details excluded); Carbon reduction method (iron and tin); Self reduction
method (copper and lead); Electrolytic reduction method (magnesium and
aluminium); Cyanide process (silver and gold).

Principles of qualitative analysis: Groups I to V (only Ag+, Hg2+, Cu2+,
Pb2+, Bi3+, Fe3+, Cr3+, Al3+, Ca2+, Ba2+, Zn2+, Mn2+ and Mg2+);
Nitrate, halides (excluding fluoride), sulphate and sulphide.

Organic Chemistry

Concepts: Hybridisation of carbon; Sigma and pi-bonds; Shapes of simple
organic molecules; Structural and geometrical isomerism; Optical isomerism
of compounds containing up to two asymmetric centres, (R,S and E,Z
nomenclature excluded); IUPAC nomenclature of simple organic compounds
(only hydrocarbons, mono-functional and bi-functional compounds);
Conformations of ethane and butane (Newman projections); Resonance and
hyperconjugation; Keto-enol tautomerism; Determination of empirical and
molecular formulae of simple compounds (only combustion method);
Hydrogen bonds: definition and their effects on physical properties of
alcohols and carboxylic acids; Inductive and resonance effects on acidity and
basicity of organic acids and bases; Polarity and inductive effects in alkyl
halides; Reactive intermediates produced during homolytic and heterolytic
bond cleavage; Formation, structure and stability of carbocations,
carbanions and free radicals.

Preparation, properties and reactions of alkanes: Homologous series,
physical properties of alkanes (melting points, boiling points and density);
Combustion and halogenation of alkanes; Preparation of alkanes by Wurtz
reaction and decarboxylation reactions.

Preparation, properties and reactions of alkenes and alkynes: Physical
properties of alkenes and alkynes (boiling points, density and dipole
moments); Acidity of alkynes; Acid catalysed hydration of alkenes and
alkynes (excluding the stereochemistry of addition and elimination);
Reactions of alkenes with KMnO4 and ozone; Reduction of alkenes and
alkynes; Preparation of alkenes and alkynes by elimination reactions;
Electrophilic addition reactions of alkenes with X2, HX, HOX (X=halogen) and
H2O; Addition reactions of alkynes; Metal acetylides.

Reactions of benzene: Structure and aromaticity; Electrophilic substitution
reactions: halogenation, nitration, sulphonation, Friedel-Crafts alkylation and
acylation; Effect of o-, m- and p-directing groups in monosubstituted
benzenes.

Phenols: Acidity, electrophilic substitution reactions (halogenation, nitration
and sulphonation); Reimer-Tieman reaction, Kolbe reaction.

Characteristic reactions of the following (including those mentioned above):
Alkyl halides: rearrangement reactions of alkyl carbocation, Grignard
reactions, nucleophilic substitution reactions; Alcohols: esterification,
dehydration and oxidation, reaction with sodium, phosphorus halides,
ZnCl2/concentrated HCl, conversion of alcohols into aldehydes and ketones;
Ethers:Preparation by Williamson’s Synthesis; Aldehydes and Ketones:
oxidation, reduction, oxime and hydrazone formation; aldol condensation,
Perkin reaction; Cannizzaro reaction; haloform reaction and nucleophilic
addition reactions (Grignard addition); Carboxylic acids: formation of esters,
acid chlorides and amides, ester hydrolysis; Amines: basicity of substituted
anilines and aliphatic amines, preparation from nitro compounds, reaction
with nitrous acid, azo coupling reaction of diazonium salts of aromatic
amines, Sandmeyer and related reactions of diazonium salts; carbylamine
reaction; Haloarenes: nucleophilic aromatic substitution in haloarenes and
substituted haloarenes (excluding Benzyne mechanism and Cine substitution).

Carbohydrates: Classification; mono- and di-saccharides (glucose and
sucrose); Oxidation, reduction, glycoside formation and hydrolysis of
sucrose.

Amino acids and peptides: General structure (only primary structure for
peptides) and physical properties.

Properties and uses of some important polymers: Natural rubber, cellulose,
nylon, teflon and PVC.

Practical organic chemistry: Detection of elements (N, S, halogens); Detection and identification of the following functional groups: hydroxyl
(alcoholic and phenolic), carbonyl (aldehyde and ketone), carboxyl, amino
and nitro; Chemical methods of separation of mono-functional organic
compounds from binary mixtures.