GCET Question Paper PDF

Can you provide me the syllabus of Biology Paper under GCET (Goa Common Entrance Test) on which the question paper is based?

[pawan]

The syllabus of Biology Paper under GCET (Goa Common Entrance Test) on which the question paper is based is as follows:

BIOLOGY

I. REPRODUCTION

Reproduction in organisms: Reproduction, a characteristic feature of all organisms for continuation of species; Modes of reproduction Asexual and sexual; Asexual reproduction; Modes- Binary fission, sporulation, budding, gemmule, fragmentation; vegetative propagation in plants.

Sexual reproduction in flowering plants: Flower structure; Development of male and female gametophytes; Pollinationtypes, agencies and examples; Outbreedings
devices; Pollen- Pistil interaction; Double fertilization; Post fertilization events Development of endosperm and embryo, Development of seed and formation of fruit;
Special modes apomixis, parthenocarpy, polyembryony; Significance of seed and fruit formation

Human Reproduction: Male and female reproductive systems; Microscopic anatomy of testis and ovary; Gametogenesis- spermatogenesis & oogenesis; Menstrual cycle; Fertilisation, embryo development upto blastocyst formation, implantation; Pregnancy and placenta formation (Elementary idea); Parturition (Elementary idea); Lactation (Elementary idea). Reproductive health: Need for reproductive health and prevention of sexually transmitted diseases (STD); Birth control- Need and Methods, Contraception and Medical Termination of Pregnancy (MTP);

Amniocentesis; Infertility and assisted reproductive technologies IVF, ZIFT, GIFT
(Elementary idea for general awareness)

II. GENETICS AND EVOLUTION

Heredity and variation: Mendelian Inheritance; Deviations from Mendelism
Incomplete dominance, Co-dominance, Multiple alleles and Inheritance of blood groups, Pleiotropy; Elementary idea of polygenic inheritance; Chromosome theory of inheritance; Chromosomes and genes; Sex determination In humans, birds, honey bee; Linkage and crossing over; Sex linked inheritance- Haemophilia, Colour blindness; Mendelian disorders in humans Thalassemia; Chromosomal disorders in humans; Downs syndrome, Turners and Klinefelters syndromes.

Molecular Basis of Inheritance: Search for genetic material and DNA as genetic material; Structure of DNA and RNA; DNA packaging; DNA replication; Central dogma; Transcription, genetic code,translation; Gene expression and regulation Lac Operon; Genome and human genome project; DNA finger printing.

Evolution: Origin of life; Biological evolution and evidences for biological evolution
(Paleontological, comparative anatomy, embryology and molecular evidence);
Darwins contribution, Modern Synthetic theory of Evolution; Mechanism of evolution Variation (Mutation and Recombination) and Natural Selection with examples, types of natural selection; Gene flow and genetic dirft; Hardy- Weinbergs principle; Adaptive Radiation; Human evolution.

III BIOLOGY AND HUMAN WELFARE

Health and Disease: Pathogens; parasites causing human diseases (Malaria,
Filariasis, Ascariasis, Typhoid, Pneumonia, common cold, amoebiasis, ring worm);
Basic concepts of immunologyvaccines; Cancer, HIV and AIDs; Adolescence, drug and alcohol abuse

Improvement in food production: Plant breeding, tissue culture, single cell protein,
Biofortification; Apiculture and Animal husbandry

Microbes in human welfare: In household food processing, industrial production, sewage treatment, energy generation and as biocontrol agents and biofertilizers.

IV BIOTECHNOLOGY AND ITS APPLICATIONS

Principles and process of Biotechnology: Genetic engineering (Recombinant DNA technology).

Application of Biotechnology in health and agriculture: Human insulin and vaccine production, gene therapy; Genetically modified organisms- Bt crops; Transgenic Animals; Biosafety issues Biopiracy and patents.

V ECOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENT

Organisms and environment: Habitat and niche; Population and ecological adaptations; Populationinteractionsmutualism, competition, predation, parasitism; Population attributesgrowth, birth rate and death rate, age distribution.

Ecosystems: Patterns, components; productivity and decomposition; Energy flow;
Pyramids of number, biomass, energy; Nutrient cycling (carbon and phosphorous);

Ecological succession; Ecological Services Carbon fixation, pollination, oxygen release Biodiversity and its conservation: Concept of Biodiversity; Patterns of
Biodiversity; Importance of Biodiversity; Loss of Biodiversity; Biodiversity conservation; Hotspots, endangered organisms, extinction, Red Data Book, biosphere reserves, National parks and sanctuaries.

Environmental issues: Air pollution and its control; Water pollution and its control;
Agrochemicals and their effects; Solid waste management; Radioactive waste management; Greenhouse effect and global warming; Ozone depletion; Deforestation; Any three case studies as success stories addressing environmental issues