Branches of Microbiology

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1.Phycology: Deals with the study of autotrophic eukaryotic organisms.

Only the microscopic algae are studied as a part of microbiology.

2.Mycology:
The study of eukaryotic, achlorophyllous organisms generally referred to as Fungi is included in this branch.

Some of the common fungi are yeasts, moulds, mushrooms, puff balls etc.

Fungi are not only harmful but beneficial also.

3.Virology:

Viruses are neither eukaryotic not prokaryotic.

The dreaded AIDS is also caused by a virus.

4.Protozoology:

Protozoans are known to cause many diseases like malaria, amoebic dysentery, sleeping sickness etc.

Study of Protozoans in all their aspects comes under the perview of protozoology.

5.Bacteriology:

This is the largest group among microbes not only in number but also in importance.

6.Medical microbiology:

Some of the diseases like tuberculosis, leprosy, typhoid etc are caused by microbes and cure for them is provided by other microbes in the form of antibiotics.

This branch deals with the pathogenic microbes, their life cycle, physiology, genetics, reproduction etc., many of the microbes also provide remedies for microbial diseases.

7.Agricultural microbiology:

In this branch the role of microbes in agriculture is studied from the point of view of both harm and usefulness.

From the point of view of benefit - N2 fixing activity, use of microbes as biofertilizers and several other aspects are studied.

Many microbes - fungi, bacteria and viruses cause a number of plant diseases.

8.Industrial microbiology:

The study of fermentation by microbes has contributed a great lot to alcohol manufacturing.

The role of microbes in Industrial Production is studied. Many microbes produce industrial alcohols, and acids as apart of their metabolism.

Breweries have greatly benefited by understanding the role of specific microbes in fermentation.

9.Food and Dairy microbiology:

Various aspects such as food processing, food preservation, canning, Pasteurization of milk, study of food borne microbial diseases and their control is studied.

10.Aquatic microbiology:

Microbiological examination of water, water purification, biological degradation of waste are studied in this branch.

11.Aero microbiology:

Dispersal of disease causing microbes through air microbial population in air, their quality and quantity in air comes under the perview of this branch.

12.Environmental microbiology:

The role of microbes in maintaining the quality of the environment is studied here.

13.Geochemical microbiology:

Role of microbes in coal, gas and mineral formation, prospecting for coal, oil and gas and recovery of minerals from low grade ores using microbes is included here.

14.Biotechnology:

Microbes are used as gene carriers to deliver specific genes to function in a different environment.

The Potentialities of biotechnology are immense.

15.Immunology:

Studied in this branch are the immune responses in organisms.