West Bengal University of Technology Optometry

Will you please give here the syllabus of BSC Optometry subject of West Bengal University of Technology as I am looking for same ?

[Arun Vats]

As you want I am here providing you syllabus of BSC Optometry subject of West Bengal University of Technology.

Syllabus :

1st semester :
Geometrical Optics
(Optics I)
Physiology (General)
Anatomy (General)
Biochemistry (General &
Ocular)
Professional
Communication in
English

2nd semester :
Physical Optics (Optics II)
Physiology (Ocular)
Anatomy (Ocular)
Environment & Ecology
Computer Fundamentals
& Programming

3rd semester :
Visual Optics (Optics III)
Lighting & the Eye
Medical pathology &
Microbiology (General &
Ocular)
Pharmacology
Ophthalmic & Optical
Instrumentation &
Procedure I

4th semester :
Visual Optics (Optics IV)
Ophthalmic & Optical
Instrumentation &
Procedure II
Clinical Refraction I
Ocular Disease I (Anterior
Segment Disease)
Ophthalmic Lens &
Dispensing Optics

B.OPTM
1ST YEAR 1ST SEMESTER
PROFESSIONAL COMMUNICATION IN ENGLISH

Grammar-structure of sentences etc.
Essay- Descriptive-Comparative-Argumentative etc.
Reading Comprehension from recommended text etc.
biodata, Resume-curriculum vitae etc.
Report writing-structure, types of reports etc.
Communication-public speaking skills, features of effective speech etc.
Group discussions-principle-practice etc.

Reference books: a. Communication (Mark McCormack)
b. How to write reports (John Metchell)
c. Business Correspondence and Report R.C. Sharma & K.Mohan)

1ST YEAR 1ST SEMESTER
ANATOMY (General)

Introduction of anatomy – gross human anatomy & their relations :
The skeleton – axial & appendicular (over view), Cavities of body- (cranial, thoracic, abdominal, pelvic).
Structure of bone, Type & function of bone, Blood & nerve supply of the bone. Planes of the body.
Anatomical terminology.
Skull – General features, Cranial bones (frontal, parietal, temporal, occipital, sphenoid, ethmoid). Facial bone
– (nasal, maxilla, zygomatic, lacrimal, palatine, inferior nasal conchae, vomar, mandible). Special feature of
the skull (sutures, paranasal sinuses, foramina, fontanels, nasal septum).

B. Optometry Syllabus

Joints – classification, fibrous joints, cartilaginous joints, synovial joints( structure & types). Types of
movement at sinovial joints.
Anatomy of muscular system – Skeletal muscle structure. Important skeletal muscle ( muscles of facial
expression, mastication. Muscle that move the head). Over view of Trunk muscles, upper limb muscles, lower
limb muscles.
Anatomy of nervous system – spinal cord anatomy (external & internal anatomy). Connection & distribution
of spinal nerves-overview( Branches, plexuses. Intercostal nerves). Overview of brain organization & blood
supply. Brief anatomical idea on – brain stem, cerebellum, diencephalon, cerebrum. Cranial nerves
Embryology – general
Gametogenesis(spermatogenesis & oogenesis) –Structure of testis,ovary &sperm –Phases of embryonic
development – formation of three germ layers- derivatives of germ layers –Embryonic or Foetal membrane
(chorion, amnion, allantois, yolk sac) &placenta & its functions.
Cell Structure:
Ultra structure and functions of cell- Plasma membrane- Nucleus – Mitochondria- Centrosome-
Ribosome-Endoplasmic reticulum- Golgi body & lysosome. Nucleus – Ultra structure & functions.
Chromosomes:
Structure & chemical composition, types of chromosome. Chromosome aberration.
Cell Division: Amitosis- Mitosis- Meiosis- Significance of mitosis & meiosis- Cell cycle.
Tissues:- Structure, position and functions of epithelial, connective, muscular & nervous tissue.

1ST YEAR 1ST SEMESTER
PHYSIOLOGY

GENERAL PHYSIOLOGY
1.Basic Biological (Biophysical & Biochemical) Principles:
Diffusion, surface tension and viscosity – their characteristics, factors influencing and biological applications.
Osmosis – osmometers, laws of osmosis, biological applications, relation with depression of freezing points.
Acids, bases and pH. Colloids – classification, properties – optical and electrokinetic, biological importance of
colloids. Dialysis and ultra-filtration. Chromatography: Principles & applications, Electrophoresis: Principles &
applications, Gel electrophoresis. Ultracentrifugation: moving boundary and density gradient ultracentrifugation.
Adsorption. Gibbs-Donnan equilibrium. Radioactivity – radioisotopes and their biological applications. Principles
of radioimmunoassay (RIA), autoradiography. The resting membrane potential. The action potential. Electrotonic
potentials. Propagation of nerve impulse in different types of nerve fibers. Compound action potentials.

2. Genetics:
Nucleic acid- 1. Structure of DNA- Physical & Chemical properties of DNA & RNA, Ultra structure & types of
DNA & RNA(in details), Brief idea about super coiling of DNA Semiconservative mode of replication of DNA,
Mechanism of replication of DNA, ,Genetic code. Genetically relation of color blindness and ocular albinism.
Chromosome aberration- Structural aberration- Deletion- Duplication- Inversion- translocation. Numerical
aberration (Polyploidy & aneuploidy- Hyper & hypo). Gene mutation- classification-spontaneous & Induced-
Chemical mutation- Practical Application of mutation.

3. Blood Vascular system
Composition and functions of blood. Plasma proteins – normal values, origin and functions. Brief idea on Bone
marrow. Formed elements of blood – origin, formation, functions and fate. Hemoglobin – functions, compounds
and derivatives. Abnormal hemoglobin-overview. Thalassemia-brief idea. Different types of anemia and their

B. Optometry Syllabus

causes-overview. Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and its significance. Hematocrit. PCV, MCV, MCH,
MCHC. Blood volume – normal values, regulation. Blood coagulation – factors, process, anticoagulants,
Prothrombin time. Clotting time. Bleeding time. Blood groups – ABO systems and Rh factors. Blood transfusion.
Ultra structure & functions of blood vessels (artery & vein). Structure type and function of capillaries. Differences
between artery & vein.

4. Muscular Physiology:
Microscopic and electron microscopic structure of skeletal, smooth and cardiac muscles. Difference between
skeletal, smooth and cardiac muscles. The sarcotubular system. Red and white striated muscle fibers. Single unit
and multi unit smooth muscle. Motor point. Properties of muscle: excitability and contractility, all or none law,
summation of stimuli, summation of contractions, effects of repeated stimuli, genesis of tetanus, onset of fatigue,
refractory period, tonicity, conductivity, extensibility and elasticity. Electromyography. Muscle contraction – E C
Coupling, Muscle fatigue, Rigor mortis, Sliding filament theory, Slow & fast muscle fibers, Isotonic & Isometric
contraction.

5. Neuro Physiology
Electron microscopic structure of nerve cell or neurons. Neuroglia. Myelinated and unmyelinated nerve fibers.
Conduction velocity of nerve impulse in relation to myelination and diameter of nerve fibers. Properties of nerve
fibers – excitability, conductivity, all-or-none law, accommodation, adaptation, summation, refractory period,
indefatiguability. Concept of chronaxie and rheobase. Synapses – types, structure, synaptic transmission of the
impulse, synaptic potentials, neurotransmitters. Motor unit. Injury to peripheral nerves – degeneration and
regeneration-brief idea.
Automatic nervous system – Introduction, Comparison of autonomic & somatic nervous system, Anatomy of
autonomic motor pathways – Pre-ganglionic neurons, autonomic ganglia, sympathetic ganglia, autonomic
plexus, post-ganglionic neurons structure of sympathetic and parasympathetic division. ANS- neurotransmitter and
receptors- cholinergic neurons & receptors. Receptor agonist & antagonist. Physiological effect of ANS- sympathetic & parasympathetic response. Integration & control of autonomic function- autonomic Reflexes,
autonomic control by higher centers.
Neural Transmission- Introduction, Autonomic Synaptic Transmission-Modes of transmission, sympathetic &
parasympathetic response. CNS Synaptic transmission-Electrical synaptic transmission & chemical synaptic
transmission.
Neuro muscular Junction – The neuromuscular junctions – structure, events in transmission, end-plate potential,
post tetanic potential.

6.Cardio Vascular System –
Structure & function of Heart & blood vessels (artery, vein and capillary) (Anatomical position, chambers of
heart.) Blood circulation through heart. Special junctional tissue of heart.(Myogenic and neurogenic heartconducting
system of heart. E.C.G. Cardiac cycle. Heart Sound , Blood vessels – type, Structure & function,
Systemic & pulmonary circulation. Blood – composition, Function, blood group, Blood clotting. Cardiac cycle
and cardiac output. Blood Pressure-regulation & controlling factors.

7.Renal System- Function of kidney, Anatomy & Histology of Nephron & collecting duet. – Urine
formation(Filtration, reabsorbtion and secretion)- Counter – current system of urine concentration, Anomalies in
urine concentration.

1ST YEAR 1ST SEMESTER
GEOMETRICAL OPTICS-I

What is light- dual nature- particle & wave nature, speed, wave length & frequency of light.
Fermats’ principle- laws of relation & refraction at a plane surface using Fermats’ principle.
Snells’ law, relative and absolute refractive indices, total internal reflection and
Critical angle, refraction by plane parallel slab of glass; molecular basis of reflectively

B. Optometry Syllabus
(basic index).
Geometrical path length & optical path length of rays, Concept of wave fronts & rays, concept of vergence- divergence, convergence.
Refraction by spherical surfaces- convex & concave, Derivation of vergence equation, focal points, deportee
power, image point, lateral & axial magnification, simple numerical.
Thin Lens- shapes, derivation of lens makers’ formula, thin lens vergece equation, equivalent focal length of
two thin lenses separated by a distance & placed in contact, lateral magnification of thin lenses in contact,
simple numerical, concept of reduced systems.
Thick Lens- Cardinal points & planes, front & back vertex power, matrix theory in paraxial
Optics to locate positions of cardinal planes. Different types of aberrations & their effects.
Prism- Dispersion of prism, reflecting prisms , prisms diopters.
Geometrical theory of optical fibers. Uses of optical fibers.

BIOCHEMISTRY

1. Basic concept & metabolism of carbohydrate, protein & fat.Process of glycolysis, glycogenolysis, TCA cyclesignificance.
Non Protein Nitrogen, Nitrogen balance, Metabolism of Amino acids, Transamination, Deamination.
Process of -oxidation of unsaturated fatty acid, & oxidation overview.
2. Amino acids, protein structure- a. Amino acids- Function, classification, properties
b. Protein - Primary, secondary, tertiary & quaternary structures & the bond involves.
3. Brief outline: Enzyme-
General characteristics, classification, Factors affecting enzymatic activity. Kinetics of Enzyme – km. Michaelis
Menten equation. Line Weaver Burk plot. Enzyme Inhibition – Reversible & Irreversible. Allosteric enzyme.
4. Oxygen transporting protein
Hemoglobin & Myoglobin – Structure & their characteristics. Comparison between hemoglobin & myoglobin.
Oxygen transporting Mechanism of Hemoglobin affinity for Oxygen. Bohr’s effect
5. Vitamins
Water & Fat soluble Vitamins. Vitamins- A,D,E,KP,C B complex- source, daily requirement, Metabolism,
Functions, deficiency.
6. Basic outline of hormone action
Physical & Chemical Characteristics of hormone. Types of hormone. General mechanism of hormone action via
Massenger system. Source & importance of different hormones-STH, ACTH, GTH , T4, parath hormone, Insulin,
Glucagon, Glucocorticoid, Mineralocorticoid, Melatonin, Estrogen, Progesteron, Testosterone & HCG
7. Cornea – Biochemical composition of cornea. Sources of Nutrients-Oxygen, Glucose, Amino acid. Metabolic
pathway in cornea – Glycolysis, HMP shunt.
8. Tear film-
Functions of Tear film. Different layers of Tear film. Chemical composition of tears. Tear film abnormalities.
Tests for film Adequacy.
9. Lens – Biochemical composition of lens. Lens protein – their types & characteristics. Lens Metabolism -
Carbohydrate metabolism, protein metabolism. Cataract – Due to biochemical defects of lens. Antioxidant
mechanism in the lens.
10. Biochemistry of the visual process-

Here is the attachment.