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14th July 2015, 12:53 PM
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Re: Osmania University Bachelor Of Science

As you want I am here providing you syllabus for Bachelor Of Science (B.Sc. )in Botany course offered by Osmania University.

1st year :
English language including
communication skills
Second language
Core1-I
Core2-I
Core3-I
Core1-lab I
Core2-lab I
Core3-lab I
Foundation course
Computer skills

Second year :

English language including
communication skills
Second language
Core1-II
Core2-II
Core3-II
Core1-lab II
Core2-lab II
Core3-lab II
Environmental studies
Computer skills

BSC Botany course syllabus
STRUCTURE OF MODEL CURRICULUM
FOR BOTANY IN UNDERGRADUATE DEGREE PROGRAMME
YEAR
PAPER No.
TITLE
WEEKLY
TEACHING
Hrs.
TOTAL
TEACHING
Hrs.
FIRST
THEORY
PAPER - I
Microbial Diversity, Cryptogams and
Gymnosperms
4
120
PRACTICAL - I
Microbial Diversity, Cryptogams and
Gymnosperms
(Laboratory exercises related to the syllabus
included in Theory Paper – I)
3
90
SECOND
THEORY
PAPER - II
Anatomy, Embryology, Taxonomy and
Medicinal Botany
4
120
PRACTICAL - II
Anatomy, Embryology, Taxonomy and
Medicinal Botany
(Laboratory exercises related to the syllabus
included in Theory Paper – II)
3
90
THIRD
THEORY
PAPER - III
Cell Biology, Genetics, Ecology and
Biodiversity
3
90
PRACTICAL - III
Cell Biology, Genetics, Ecology and
Biodiversity
(Laboratory exercises related to the syllabus
included in Theory Paper – III)
3
90
THEORY
PAPER - IV
Physiology, Tissue Culture, Biotechnology,
Seed Technology and Horticulture
3
90
PRACTICAL - IV
Physiology, Tissue Culture, Biotechnology,
Seed Technology and Horticulture
(Laboratory exercises related to the syllabus
included in Theory Paper – IV)
3
90
Paper - I: Microbial Diversity, Cryptogams and Gymnosperms
(Total Hours of Teaching: 120 @ 4 h / Week)
Unit - I: Evolution of Life and Diversity of Microbes
(30 h)
1. Origin and evolution of Life - an outline.
(2 h)
2. Viruses: Structure, replication and transmission; plant diseases caused by viruses
and their control.
(8 h)
3. Bacteria: Structure, nutrition, reproduction and economic importance. An outline of
Plant diseases of important crop plants caused by bacteria and their control.
(8 h)
4. Brief account of Archaebacteria, Chlamydia, Actinomycetes and Mycoplasma.
(4 h)
5. Cyanobacteria: Cell structure, thallus organisation and their prospecting (uses) –
Biofertilizers. Structure and life history of Oscillatoria, Nostoc and Anabaena.
(8 h)
Unit - II: Algae and Fungi
(32 h)
6. Algae: General account, thallus organisation, structure, reproduction, classification
and economic importance.
(4 h)
7. Structure, reproduction, life history and systematic position of Oedogonium, Coleochaete,
Chara, Ectocarpus and Polysiphonia.
(12 h)
8. Fungi: General characters, classification and economic importance.
(3 h)
9. Structure, reproduction and life history of Albugo, Saccharomyces, Penicillium, Puccinia,
Alternaria,. General account of plant diseases caused by Fungi and their control. (10 h)
10. Lichens: Structure and reproduction; ecological and economic importance.
(3 h)
Unit - III: Bryophyta and Pteridophyta
(32 h)
11. Bryophytes: General characters, classification and alternation of generations.
(3 h)
12. Structure, reproduction, life history and systematic position of Marchantia, Anthoceros
and Polytrichum. Evolution of Sporophyte in Bryophytes.
(10 h)
13. Pteridophytes: General characters, classification, alternation of generations and
evolution of sporophtyte.
(5 h)
14. Structure, reproduction, life history and systematic position of Rhynia, Lycopodium,
Equisetum and Marsilea.
(12 h)
15. Evolution of stele, heterospory and seed habit in Pteridophytes.
(2 h)
Unit - IV: Gymnosperms and Palaeobotany
(26 h)
16. Gymnosperms: General characters, structure, reproduction and classification.
(4 h)
17. Morphology of vegetative and reproductive parts, systemic position, life history of
Pinus and Gnetum
(8 h)
18. Distribution and economic importance; endangered Gymnosperms.
(4 h)
19. Palaeobotany: Introduction, Fossils and fossilization; Geological time scale;
Importance of fossils.
(6 h)
20. Bennettitales: General account
(4 h)
Suggested Readings:
Alexopolous, J. and W. M. Charles. 1988. Introduction to Mycology. Wiley Eastern, New Delhi.
Mckane, L. and K. Judy. 1996. Microbiology – Essentials and Applications. McGraw Hill, New
York.
Pandey, B. P. 2001. College Botany, Vol. I: Algae, Fungi, Lichens, Bacteria, Viruses, Plant
Pathology, Industrial Microbiology and Bryophyta. S. Chand & Company Ltd, New Delhi.
Pandey, B. P. 2006. College Botany, Vol. II: Pteridophyta, Gymnosperms and Paleobotany.
S. Chand & Company Ltd, New Delhi.
Pandey, B. P. 2007. Botany for Degree Students: Diversity of Microbes, Cryptogams, Cell Biology
and Genetics. S. Chand & Company Ltd, New Delhi.
Sambamurthy, A. V. S. S. 2006. A Textbook of Plant Pathology. I. K. International Pvt. Ltd.,
New Delhi.
Sambamurthy, A. V. S. S. 2006. A Textbook of Algae. I. K. International Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi.
Sharma, O. P. 1992. Textbook of Thallophyta. McGraw Hill Publihing Co., New Delhi.
Sporne, K. R. 1965. Morphology of Gymnosperms. Hutchinson Co., Ltd., London.
Thakur, A. K. and S. K. Bassi. 2008. A Textbook of Botany: Diversity of Microbes and
Cryptogams. S. Chand & Company Ltd, New Delhi.
Vashishta, P. C., A. K. Sinha and Anil Kumar. 2006. Botany - Pteridophyta (Vascular Cryptogams).
S. Chand & Company Ltd, New Delhi.
Vashishta, B. R., A. K. Sinha and V. P. Singh. 2008. Botany for Degree Students: Algae. S. Chand
& Company Ltd, New Delhi.
Vashishta, B. R., A. K. Sinha and Adarsha Kumar. 2008. Botany for Degree Students: Bryophyta.
S. Chand & Company Ltd, New Delhi.
Vashishta, P. C., A. K. Sinha and Anil Kumar. 2006. Botany for Degree Students: Gymnosperms.
S. Chand & Company Ltd, New Delhi.
Vashishta, B. R. 1990. Botany for Degree Students: Fungi, S. Chand & Company Ltd, New Delhi.
Watson, E. V. 1974. The structure and life of Bryophytes, B. I. Publications, New Delhi.
Practical - I: Microbial Diversity, Cryptogams and Gymnosperms
(Total Hours of Laboratory Exercises: 90 @ 3 h / Week in 30 Sessions)
Suggested Laboratory Exercises:
1 Knowledge of equipment used in Microbiology: Spirit lamp, Inoculation loop, Hot air oven,
Autoclave / Pressure cooker, Laminar air flow / Inoculation chamber, Incubator, etc.
(3 h)
2 Preparation of solid and liquid media for culturing of microbes (Demonstration)
(9 h)
3 Study of viruses and bacteria using electron micrographs (photographs).
(3 h)
4 Gram staining of Bacteria
(3 h)
5 Study of symptoms of plant diseases caused by viruses and bacteria:
Viruses: Tobacco mosoic virus, Bunchy top of banana, Yellow vein
clearing of bhendi, Leaf curl of papaya
(3 h)
Bacteria: Citrus canker, Leaf blight of Rice, Angular leaf spot of cotton.
(3 h)
6. Vegetative and reproductive structures of the following taxa:
Algae: Oscillatoria, Nostoc, Anabena, Volvox, Oedogonium, Coleochaete, Ectocarpus
and Polysiphonia.
(6 h)
Fungi: Albugo, Saccharomyces Penicillium, Puccinia and Alternaria.
(6 h)
7. Section cutting of diseased material infected by Fungi and identification of pathogens
as per theory syllabus.
(6 h)
8. Lichens: Different types of thalli and their external morphology
(3 h)
9. Morphology (vegetative and reproductive structures) and anatomy of the following taxa:
Bryophytes: Marchantia, Anthoceros and Polytrichum.
(9 h)
Pteridophytes: Lycopodium, Equisetum and Marsilea.
(12 h)
Gymnosperms: Pinus and Gnetum.
(6 h)
10. Fossil forms using permanent slides / photographs: Rhynia and Cycadeoidea
(3 h)
11. Symptoms of plant diseases caused by Fungi and mycoplasma: Tikka disease of Groundnut,
Late blight of Potato, Ergot of Bajra, Whip smut of Sugarcane, Wheat rust, Brown spot of Rice,
Rice (Paddy) blast, Head smut of Sorghum, Little leaf disease of Brinjal
(3 h)
12. Enumeration and examination of important microbial, fungal and algal products:
Biofertilizers, protein capsules, antibiotics, mushrooms, SCP, Agar-agar etc.
(6 h)
13. Field visits to places of algal / microbial / fungal interest (e.g. Mushroom cultivation,
water bodies)
(6 h)
Paper - II: Anatomy, Embryology, Taxonomy and Medicinal Botany
(Total Hours of Teaching: 120 @ 4 h / Week)
Unit - I: Anatomy
(30 h)
1.
Meristems: Types, histological organisation of shoot and root apices and theories. (4 h)
2.
Tissues and Tissue Systems: Simple and complex.
(6 h)
3.
Leaf: Ontogeny, diversity of internal structure; stomata and epidermal outgrowths. (6 h)
4.
Stem and root: Vascular cambium - Formation and function. Anamalous secondary
growth-General account. Stem - Achyranthes, Boerhavia, Bignonia, Dracaena;
Root – Beta
(8 h)
5.
Wood structure: General account. Study of local timbers – Teak (Tectona grandis),
Rosewood, (Albergia latefolia), Red sanders, (Pterocarpus santalinus) Nallamaddi
(Terminalia tomentosa (T. alata)), Yegisa (Pterocarpus marsupiun) and Neem
(Azadirachta indica).
(6 h)
Unit - II: Embryology
(24 h)
6. Introduction: History and importance of Embryology.
Anther structure, Microsporogenesis and development of male gametophyte. (5 h)
7. Ovule structure and types; Megasporogenesis; types and development of female
gametophyte.
(6 h)
8. Pollination - Types; Pollen - pistil interaction. Fertilization.
(4 h)
9. Endosperm - Development and types. Embryo - development and types; Polyembryony
and Apomixis - an outline.
(5 h)
10. Palynology: Principles and applications.
(4 h)
Unit - III: Taxonomy
(36 h)
11. Introduction: Principles of plant systematics, Systematics vs Taxonomy, Types of
classification: Artificial, Natural and Phylogenetic.
(4 h)
12. Systems of classification: Salient features and comparative account of Bentham & Hooker
and Engler & Prantle. An introduction to Angiosperm Phylogeny Group (APG). (6 h)
13. Current concepts in Angiosperm Taxonomy: Embryology in relation to taxonomy,
Cytotaxonomy, Chemotaxonomy and Numerical Taxonomy.
(4 h)
14. Nomenclature and Taxonomic resources: An introduction to ICBN, Vienna code - a brief
account. Herbarium: Concept, techniques and applications.
(6 h)
15. Systematic study and economic importance of plants belong to the following families:
Annonaceae, Capparaceae, Rutaceae, Fabaceae (Faboideae/papilionoideae,
Caesalpinioideae, Mimosoideae), Cucurbitaceae, Apiaceae, Asteraceae,
Asclepiadaceae, Lamiaceae, Amaranthaceae, Euphorbiaceae, Orchidaceae and
Poaceae.
(16h)
Unit - IV: Medicinal Botany
(30 h)
16. Ethnomedicine: Scope, interdisciplinary nature, distinction of Ethnomedicine from
Folklore medicine. Outlines of Ayurveda, Sidda, Unani and Homeopathic systems
of traditional medicine. Role of AYUSH, NMPB, CIMAP and CDRI.
(8 h)
17. Plants in primary health care: Common medicinal plants – Tippateega (Tinospora
cordifolia), tulasi (Oscimum sanctum ), pippallu (Piper longum), Karaka (Terminalia
chebula), Kalabanda (Aloe vera), Turmeric (Curcuma longa).
(4 h)
18. Traditional medicine vs Modern medicine: Study of select plant examples used in traditional
medicine as resource (active principles, structure, usage and pharmacological action)
of modern medicine: Aswagandha (Withania somnifera), Sarpagandha (Rauvolfia
serpentina), Nela usiri (Phyllanthus amarus), Amla (Phyllanthus emblica) and
Brahmi (Bacopa monnieri).
(6 h)
19. Pharmacognosy: Introduction and scope. Adulteration of plant crude drugs and methods
of identification - some examples. Indian Pharmacopoeia.
(6 h)
20. Plant crude drugs: Types, methods of collection, processing and storage practices.
Evaluation of crude drugs.
(6 h)
Suggested Readings:
Bhattacharya et. al. 2007. A textbook of Palynology, Central, New Delhi.
Bhojwani, S. S. and S. P. Bhatnagar. 2000. The Embryology of Angiosperms (4th Ed.), Vikas
Publishing House, Delhi.
Davis, P. H. and V. H. Heywood. 1963. Principles of Angiosperm Taxonomy. Oliver and Boyd,
London.
Esau, K. 1971. Anatomy of Seed Plants. John Wiley and Son, USA.
Heywood, V. H. 1965 . Plant Taxonomy. ELBS , London.
Heywood, V. H. and D. M. Moore (Eds). 1984. Current Concepts in Plant Taxonomy. Academic
Press, London.
Jain, S. K. and V. Mudgal. 1999. A Handbook of Ethnobotany. Bishen Singh Mahendra Pal Singh,
Dehradun.
Jeffrey, C. 1982. An Introduction to Plant Taxonomy. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
London.
Johri, B. M. 1984. Embryology of Angiosperms. Springer-Verleg, Berlin.
Joshi, S. G. 2000. Medicinal Plants. Oxford and IBH, New Delhi.
Kapil, R. P. 1986. Pollination Biology. Inter India Publishers, New Delhi.
Kokate, C. and Gokeale- Pharmocognacy- Nirali Prakashan, NewDelhi.
Lad, V. 1984. Ayurveda – The Science of Self-healing. Motilal Banarasidass, New Delhi.
Lewis, W. H. and M. P. F. Elwin Lewis. 1976. Medical Botany. Plants Affecting Man’s Health. A
Wiley Inter science Publication. John Wiley and Sons, New York.
Maheswari, P. 1971. An Introduction to Embryology of Angiosperms. McGraw Hill Book Co.,
London.
Pandey, B. P. 2007. Botany for Degree Students: Diversity of Seed Plants and their Systematics,
Structure, Development and Reproduction in Flowering Plants. S. Chand & Company Ltd,
New Delhi.
Rastogi, R. R. and B. N. Mehrotra. 1993. Compendium of Indian Medicinal Plants. Vol. I & Vol. II.
CSIR, Publication and Information Directorate, New Delhi.
Sivarajan, V. V. and I. Balasubramaniyan. 1994. Ayurvedic Drugs and their Plant Sources. Oxford
and IBH, New Delhi.
Stace, C. A. 1989. Plant Taxonomy and Biostatistics (2nd Ed.). Edward Arnold, London.
Singh, G. 1999. Plant Systematics: Theory and Practice. Oxford and IBH, New Delhi.
Practical - II: Anatomy, Embryology, Taxonomy and Medicinal Botany
(Total Hours of Laboratory Exercises: 90 @ 3 h / Week in 30 Sessions)
Suggested Laboratory Exercises:
1. Demonstration of double staining technique.
(3 h)
2. Tissue organization in root and shoot apices using permanent slides
(3 h)
3. Preparation of double staining slides
Primary structure: Root - Cicer, Canna; Stem – Tridax, Sorghum
(6 h)
Secondary structure: Root – Tridax sp.; Stem –Pongamia
(3 h)
Anomalous secondary structure: Examples as given in theory syllabus.
(6 h)
4. Stomatal types using epidermal peels.
(3 h)
5. Microscopic study of wood in T.S., T.L.S. and R.L.S.
(6 h)
6. Structure of anther and microsporoganesis using permanent slides.
(3 h)
7. Structure of pollen grains using whole mounts (Catharanthus, Hibiscus,
Acassia, Grass).
(3 h)
8. Pollen viability test using in- vitro germination (Catharanthus).
(3 h)
9. Study of ovule types and developmental stages of embryosac.
(3 h)
10. Structure of endosperm (nuclear and cellular); Developmental stages of dicot and monocot
Embryos using permanent slides.
(3 h)
11. Isolation and mounting of embryo (using Symopsis / Senna / Crotalaria)
(3 h)
12. Systematic study of locally available plants belonging to the families prescribed in
theory syllabus (Minimum of one plant representative for each family)
(18 h)
13. Demonstration of herbarium techniques.
(3 h)
14. Local field visits to study the vegetation and flora.
(6 h)
15. Detailed morphological and anatomical study of medicinally important part(s) of locally
available plants (a minimum 10 plants) used in traditional medicine.
(12 h)
16. Field visits to identify and collect ethno medicinal plants used by local tribes/folklore. (3 h)
17. Preparation and submission of 25 herbarium specimens for evaluation during the practical
examination

Address:
Osmania University
Osmania University Main Rd
Hyderabad, Telangana 500007

Map:
[MAP]Osmania University Hyderabad, Telangana[/MAP]
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