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23rd November 2015, 08:47 AM
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Join Date: May 2012
Re: Old Papers of Section Officer Promotional Examination

Hey , I am here giving you syllabus / paper pattern for Section Officer Promotional Examination of Federal Public Service Commission on the basis of which question are there in the paper .

FPSC Section Officer Promotional Examination syllabus / paper pattern:


SUBJECTS FOR WRITTEN EXAMINATION FOR SECTION OFFICERS
PROMOTIONAL EXAMINATION
(1) Compulsory Papers
(2) Optional Subjects/ Papers
Candidates are required to select two optional subjects, carrying 100 marks each, one from
each of the following Groups:
Code
No.
Group-1
Each subject carries 100 marks
Opt only one subject from this box
Code
No.
Group-2
Each subject carries 100 marks
Opt only one subject from this box
1 Accountancy and Auditing 8 Constitutional Law including Constitution of Pakistan
2 Basic Mathematics and Statistics 9 English Literature
3 Business Administration 10 Geography
4 Computer Science 11 History of Pakistan and India
5 Development Economics 12 History of USA
6 Economy of Pakistan 13 International Relations
7 Public Administration 14 Political Science
(3) Detailed contents of syllabus is available at Annex-I.
9
Paper-I: Essay (50 Marks Time: 2 Hours)
Paper-III: General Knowledge
100 Marks Time: 03 Hours
i). Every Day Science (20 Marks)
ii). Islamiat (20 Marks)
iii). Pakistan Affairs (30 Marks)
iv). Current Affairs (30 Marks)
The Non-Muslim candidates have the option either to
take/attempt Islamiat portion of Paper-III or otherwise
the marks obtained by them in the portion of Pakistan
Affairs shall be treated as out of 50 marks in lieu of
both Islamiat and Pakistan Affairs.
Paper-II: English (Précis and Composition)
(100 Marks Time: 03 Hours)
Précis = 30 Marks
Comprehension = 30 Marks
Grammar = 40 Marks
Paper-IV: Specialized Paper for Office Management -I
100 Marks Time: 03 Hours
i). Human Resource Management (30 Marks)
ii). Basic Concepts of Quality Management (20 Marks)
iii). Information Technology and Use of MS Office (20 Marks)
iv). General Financial Rules Vol. I and Vol. II, System
of Financial Control and Budgeting, Role of Public
Accounts Committee. (30 Marks)
Paper-V: Specialized Paper for Office Management -II
100 Marks Time: 03 Hours
i). Civil Servant Act 1973 and Rules made there
under (20 Marks)
ii). Federal Public Service Commission Ordinance
1977 and Rules made there under (20 Marks)
iii). Rules of Business 1973 (20 Marks)
iv). Secretariat Instructions and Office Procedures
(20 Marks)
v). Public Sector Companies (Corporate Governance)
Rules 2013 (10 Marks)
vi). PPRA Ordinance and Rules 2004 (10 Marks)
10
Annex-I
GUIDELINES OF THE SYLLABUS
Syllabi: The Syllabi for compulsory and optional papers shall be as under:
Paper-I: Essay: Candidates shall be required to write one or more essays in English from six
topics.
Paper-II: Grammar, Precis and Composition:
(i) Précis: Candidates should have the ability to present a précis of a given
passage which would be selected from current, economic, social, cultural
affairs
(ii) Comprehension: Two unseen passages from current, social, economic,
cultural, political or international affairs will be given with fixed reading time
and multiple choice questions will be asked to be answered.
(iii) Grammar, Vocabulary and Translation: The Candidates will be tested in
correct usage of English Grammar including synonyms and antonyms,
Vocabulary and Translation (English to Urdu and Urdu to English)
Suggested Readings:
English Idioms McMordie
Practical English Usage Swan (OUP)
A Practical English Grammar Thomson & Martinet
A University English Grammar R.Quirk & S.Greenbaum
Paper-III: General Knowledge:
(i) Every Day Science:
 Nature of Science, Brief History of Sciences with special reference to contribution
of Muslims in the evolution and development of science;
 Physical Sciences including Universe, Galaxy, Solar System, Sun, Earth and
Minerals, Energy—sources and resources of energy, energy conservation;
 Biological Sciences including basis of life, a brief history of plant and animal
kingdom
 Global warming and climate change.
Suggested Readings:
Principles of Animal Biology Khan M. Rafiq
Guide to Science Isaac Asimov
Exploring Life Sciences Tuber, Kilburn, Howell
(ii) Islamiat:
 Islam—Its concept and meaning, Islamic concepts of Universe and Humanity,
Man as Vicegerent of Allah, Main Characteristics of Islamic Ideology;
 Fundamental Beliefs and Practices of Islam: Tuheed (unity of Allah), Risalat
(Finality of Prohethood), Akhrat (Day of Judgement), Salat, Soum (Fasting),
Zakat, Hajj, Jehad;
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 Sources of Shariah: The Qur’an, Sunnah, Ijma (Consensus), Qiyas and Ijtejad
(reasoning);
 Islamic Way of Life: (a) Social System in Islam (b) Morality in Islam (c) Islamic
Political system (d) Islamic Economic System (e) Islam and other Civilizations
(f) Islam and Terrorism
Suggested Readings:
Islami Nizam-e-Hayat Khurshid Ahmed
Islam: Its meaning and Message Khurshid Ahmed
Introduction to Islam Dr.Hamidullah
Haqeeqat-i-Deen Moulana Ameen Islahi
(iii) Pakistan Affairs:
 Ideology of Pakistan-Definition and historical aspects;
 Pakistan Movement and Political Developments since 1947
 Defense of Pakistan, Terrorism and Counter Terrorism
 Education and Health System of Pakistan
 Geography of Pakistan: Land, People, Natural Resources, Environment, Global
Warming and Natural Disasters, Languages, Ethnicity in Pakistan, Rural and
Urban Tensions
 Agriculture and Industry.
Suggested Readings:
Geography of Pakistan K.U.Kureshi
The Making of Pakistan K.K.Aziz
Ulema in Politics I.H.Qureshi
Ideological Orientation of Pakistan Al-Mujahid Sharif
Towards Pakistan Waheed-uz-Zaman
(iv) Current Affairs
 Pakistan’s relations with its neighbours: Afghanistan, Iran, China, and India;
 Pakistan’s relations with Muslim World
 Pakistan’s relations with the United States, Russia, United Kingdom and European
Union
 Pakistan’s relations with Central Asian, ASEAN and African Countries
 Pakistan’s role in Regional and International Organizations
 W.T.O and GSP Plus
 Issues in Pakistan Politics
Suggested Readings:
Politics in Pakistan Khalid B.Sayeed
Pakistan’s Foreign Policy S.M.Burke
Pakistan’s Foreign Policy Shahid M. Amin
Pakistan in 20th Century: A Political History Lawrence Ziring
The Military and Politics in Pakistan Hasan Askari Rizvi
The Security of South Asia Stephen P. Cohen
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Paper-IV: Specialized Paper for Office Management-I:
(i) Human Resource Management:
 Definition, Significance and Scope of Human Resource Management
 Organization—Types of Organization, Theory of Organization, Principles of
Organization, Organization of the Federal and Provincial Governments, Public
Sector Enterprises
 Approaches to Human Resource Management
 Personnel Administration—Tools of Personnel Management: Selection, Training,
Promotion, Compensation, Discipline
 Communication, Communication Channels and Principles of Public Relations
 Human Behaviour and Organizations
Suggested Readings:
Human Resource Management H.T.Graham & Roger Bennett
Management James A.F.Stoner, R.Edward
Freeman, Daniel R.Gilbert Jr.
(ii) Basic Concepts of Quality Management
 ISO-9000, ISO-13000, other certifications regarding quality measurement,
 Management, Management for Results, Setting Performance Goals and Targets,
 Job Analysis: Job Description, Job Specification, Performance Evaluation
Suggested Readings:
Quality Management Systems: A Practical Guide Howard S Gitlow
Quality Management – Principles & Practice Geoff Vorley & Fred Tickle
Putting Total Quality Management to Work Marshal Sashkin &
Kenneth J. Kiser
(iii) Information Technology and MS Office
 Fundamentals of Computer: CPU, Memory Devices, Types of Computers,
Characteristics of Computer and related material
 Application Software: Microsoft Word, Microsoft Power Point, Microsoft Excel
 Search Engines, Web Design, Email, Internet Surfing, Social Networking
(Facebook, Twitter, etc)
 General Introduction to Virus and Antivirus utilities
 Programming Languages


Optional Papers
1. Accountancy and Auditing
Principles of Accounting and their applications to all types of Business
Organizations—Banking, Insurance, Investment, Trading and Industrial Concerns,
Accounting for non-profit Organisations, Work-sheet, Financial statements, Financial
Reporting, Financial Analysis and Budgeting, Depreciation, Partnership.
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Principles of Auditing, The Accounting System, Its importance to Independent
Audit, Internal Control, Internal Audit, Rights and Duties of Auditors. Professional
Liabilities of an Auditor, Application of Auditing Principles and Techniques to all
Types of Trading, Commercial, Industrial, Banking, Insurance and Investment undertakings,
Audit programme, Special Audit Investigation of actual or suspected Frauds,
Limitations of Audit, Audit Report, Certificates and Opinion as required under
Companies Act, Securities Exchange Authority Rules, Auditing and EDP Systems.
Suggested Readings:
Accountancy Pickles, W.
Principles and Practice of Book Keeping & Accounts Vickery, B.G.
Auditing Dicksee, L.R.
Companies Act 1984
Practical Auditing Spiecer and Pegler
Principles and Procedure of Auditing Kh. Amjad Saeed
2. Basic Mathematics and Statistics
A. Basic Mathematics
Order of Arithmetic Operations, Placing and Decimal Point, Computation, Significant
Digits, Weights, Measures, Directed Numbers, Operations with Zero and with One,
Simple Functions and their Graph Linear Equation, Ratios and Trigonometric
Functions, Linear Inter-polations Square Roots, Exponents and radicals, Permutations
and Combination. The Binomial Expansion, Mathematics Applied to Business
Operations. Murices. Differentiation.
B. Statistics.
Introduction- Nature of Statistics. Common Statistical Measures, and Samples,
Statistical Measures of Data Statistical-Description of Data, Probability. The
Binomial Distribution, Estimation of Parameters, Inference Concerning Two
populations. Correlation and Prediction, Simple Regression, Analysis of Variance,
Chi-Square, Index Number
Books Recommended:
Mathematics Essential for Elementary Latest Ed.: Walker, H.M.
Business Mathematics. Rosenberg, R.Lewis H.& Poe, R.W
Elementary Statistical Concepts. Walpole, R.T
Basic Statistics for Business and Economics Hoel, P.C.& Jessen, R.J.
Introduction to Statistics Steel, R.D. and Torrie, J.H
Business Statistics. Syed, N.A. and Gill, G.H.
Modern Elementary Statistics Freund, John E
Statistics for Business. Whitehead, P. and Whitehead, G.
3. Business Administration
Management: Nature And Scope of Management-Different Schools of thought,
Planning—Planning process; Planning tools; Change Management, Organization—
Type of Organization; Theory of Organization; Group dynamics ; Staffing;
Actuating—Leading; Approaches to Leadership—Coordinating; Communicating;
Motivating.
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Marketing: An overview of Marketing; Marketing’s Role in Society and inside a
Firm; Environment of Marketing; Strategic Planning and Marketing;
Financial Management: Nature and Scope of Financial Management; Interpretation
of Financial Statement—Ratio analysis, Trend analy3sis—Common size analysis;
Time Value of Money—Concept of TVM; Net Present Value; Pay Back period;
Internal rate of return; Working Capital Management—Cash Management;
Receivable Management; Inventory Management; Accounting—Accounting Cycles,
Preparation of Financial Statements; Balance Sheet, Income Statement.
Suggested Readings
Management James A. F. Stoner & Charles Wank
Fundamentals of Marketing William J. Stanton
Fundamentals of Financial Management Van Horn
4. Computer Science
Operating System: Function/Types of operating system, Processes, Inter process
Communication/Synchronization/Co-ordination, Process Scheduling Policies, Virtual
Memory Management Techniques; Paging/Segmentation, File Management Systems.
Computer Networks: LAN/WAN/MAN, Communication channels, Internet,
Network layer structure, ISO Internet Protocol, OSI/TCP/IP reference model.
Structured and Object Oriented Programming: Basics of C/C++ environment,
memory concepts, operators, control structures, selection structures, Array &
functions/methods, classes & data Abstractions, inheritance and polymorphism.
Data Base Management: Data Models, E-R Models, Relational Database concepts,
SQL, Normalization, Database Design.
Web Programming: HTML, CGI, PERL, JAVA: Applet/Script, WWW, Web
based interface Design.
Computer Graphics: Fundamentals of input, display and hard copy
devices, scan conversion of geometric primitives, 2D and 3D geometric
transformations, clipping and windowing, scene modeling and animation,
algorithms for visible and surface determination.
Suggested Readings
Computer Concepts J.J.Parsond & D.Oja
Java Script: The Definitive Guide D.Flanagan
The HTML Source Book I.S.Graham
Computer Science: An Overview J. G. Brookshear
Java: An Object First Approach F. Culwin
Algorithms and Data Structures N. Wirth
Introduction to Database Systems C.J. Dat & Addison Wesley
Computer Networks S. Tanenbaum
Operating System Concepts Silberschatz & J. Peterson,
Computer Graphics: Principles and Practice Foley/Van Dam/ Feiner/Hughes
Computer networks and Internet D.E. Comer
Data Base Processing, Fundamentals-design Implementation David M. Kropnke
15
5. Constitutional Law including Constitution of Pakistan
 Constitutional Law—Principles of Constitutional Law with special reference to
United Kingdom, United States of America, Pakistan and India.
 Constitutional developments in Pakistan since 1947, 18th, 19th and 20th amendments
in the Constitution, Inter-Governmental Relationship: Political and fiscal including
National Finance Commission Award and Water Accord, Cabinet, legislative and
judicial system, fundamental rights, Principles of Policy, Provincial Autonomy,
Procedure for amending the constitution, control of natural resources, etc.
Suggested Readings:
Constitution of Pakistan Monir, M.
Constitutional Development of Pakistan Choudhry, A.G.
Governments and Parties in Continental Europe Lowell, A.L.
Introduction to the study of the Law of the Constitution Dicey
6. Development Economics
 Introduction, and Understanding Economic Development
 Theories of Economic Growth and Development
 The Structure of a Dual Economy, Rural-Urban Migration and Development
 Agricultural Transformation and Rural Development
 Population, Labour Markets, Income Distribution and Poverty Alleviation
 The Role of State and Institutions
 The Environment and Sustainable Development
 The Link between Trade and Development
 Foreign Aid, and Financing Development
 Microfinance and Micro-development topics
 Theory of Comparative costs, Arguments for Protection, Balance of payments,
International liquidity, International Money and Banking Institutions.
Suggested Readings:
Economic Development Todaro, Michael & Stephen Smith
Economics of Development Perkins, D.H., S. Radelet, D.R.
Snodgrass, M. Gillis, M. Roemer
Development Economics Ray D
The Handbook of Development Economics H.B.Chenery and T.N.Srinivasan
Factors in Economic Development Cairncross, A.K.
Foreign Aid Theory and Practice in Southern Asia Wolf, Jr. DC
Introduction to International Economics Snider, D.A.
7. Economy of Pakistan
Planning Experience of Pakistan : A critical evaluation of the strategy of economic
planning.
Agricultural Development in Pakistan : Changes in Agricultural Policies over plan
periods, Major Monetary and Fiscal measures to promote Agricultural development,
Green Revolution Strategy and its implications for growth and redistribution, Land
Reforms and changes in the Tenure System 1950—1980, Cooperative Farming.
Industrial Development in Pakistan: Early industrialization strategy, Creation of
Financial and Development Institutions, Major monetary and fiscal measures to
promote industrial development, Changing role of public sector over the plan periods,
Evaluation of Nationalisation Policy, Concentration of industrial income and wealth.
16
Role of Foreign Trade and Aid in economic development: Trends in Pakistan’s
Balance of Payments, Changes in direction of trade, Trends in Pakistan’s major
exports and imports, Causes of significant changes in the trends, the role of migration
and remittances in Pakistan’s economy, costs and benefits of Foreign Aid.
Privatization, denationalisation and deregulation, conceptual and operational
aspects. International comparisons.
Energy Issues facing Pakistan
Suggested Readings:
Under Development and Agrarian Structure in Pakistan Mahmood Hassan Khan
Studies in Economic Development with Special Reference Ghouse, A
to Pakistan
The Economics of Developing Countries Hynit, H.
The Economy of Pakistan Khawja Amjad Saeed
Issues in Pakistan Economy Akbar Zaidi
Economic Survey of Pakistan Ministry of Finance
8. English Literature
The paper will cover the study of English literature from 1798 to 1900 with special
reference to the works of W. Blake, Wordsworth, Shelley, Keats, Byron, Charles
Lamb, Dickens, Tennyson, Robert Browning, Hardy, George Eliot, J.S. Mill, Ruskin
and Oscar Wilde.
Evidence of first-hand reading will be required. The paper will be designed to test not
only the candidates knowledge of the prescribed authors works but also their
understanding of the main literary trends during the period. Questions having a
bearing on the social and cultural back-ground of the Period also be included.
Suggested Readings:
A Guide to English Literature Ford, B. Pelican Series 7 Vols
History of English Literature Legouis and Cazamian
History of English Literature Hudson
The 19th Century Back Ground Basil Willey
20th Century Views Abrahams, M.H.
9. History of Pakistan and India
Arrival of European nations—decline and fall of Muslim Rule, contributions of Shah
Wali Ullah, Syed Ahmed Shaheed and Sir Syed Ahmed Khan towards regeneration of
the Muslim—Hindu reform movements and anti-Muslim role of Hindu leaders.
Constitutional reforms of the British Government and growth of the Political
Parties—Indian National Congress, All India Muslim league—
Partition of Bengal, Simla Deputation, Role of Nawab Mohsin-ul-Mulk, Nawab
Viqar-ul-Mulk, Syed Ameer Ali, the Agha Khan and other Muslim leaders, Lucknow
pact; Khilafat movement. Contribution of Maulana Muhammad Ali, Allama Iqbal,
Quaid-i-Azam Muhammad Ali Jinnah for Muslim uplift and welfare.
17
Nehru report, Quaid-i-Azam’s Fourteen Points, Allama Iqbal’s Allahabad Address
1930, Round Table Conference. The Congress role in the provinces, Lahore
Resolution 1940, various missions and plans for the partition of the sub-continent.
Quaid-i-Azam as an organizer of the Muslim League Muslim leader and maker of
Pakistan.
Constitution making in Pakistan—various attempts at constitution making.
Difficulties in establishing a parliamentary democracy, imposition of various Martial
Laws, nature of Pakistan’s economy, development plans. Role of foreign aid.
Separation of East Pakistan, causes and effect : Pakistan and the world—major
powers, Islamic world, relations with India. Social and intellectual trends after 1947.
Contribution of Quaid-i-Azam as First Governor General and Liaquat Ali Khan as
first Prime Minister.
Suggested Readings:
Constitutional History of India Keith A.B.
Government & Politics in Pakistan Ahmad Mushtaq.
Pakistan & India G.W. Choudhry.
Political System in Pakistan Khalid Bin Saeed.
Pakistan the Formative Phase Khalid Bin Saeed.
Political Parties in Pakistan Vol. I & II Afzal, Rafique.
Two Nation theory Shafiq Ali Khan
The British Raj in India S. M. Burke,
SalimAl-Din Qureshi
10. History of USA
• Introduction: From ancient times to 1492, Advent of the Europeans to British
supremacy (1492-1606)
• USA as a British Colony (1606-1783)
• USA as an Independent Country (1783 – 1819)
• Expansion of USA: From 13 to 50 States (1820 – 1949)
• Constitution of the USA: Salient Features
• Civil War between the North and the East (1850 – 1869)
• Industrialization and its emergence as one of the world powers (1870 -1916)
• USA’s role in the Two World Wars (i. 1914 – 1918, ii. 1939 – 1945)
• Post 1945 world scenario & emergence of USA & USSR as the Two World
Powers.
• American Role in patronizing UNO and International Organizations 1945 –
2012
• American Role in Cold War and its emergence as the Sole World Power
(1945 – 1990) and Pakistan’s Role in this connection.
• International Concerns of USA: An Overview
• The War on Terror and the Role of Pakistan and USA (2001 – 2012)
• Global perceptions of the USA

Geography
Cultural Geography: Concept of culture in Geography; human races and their
distribution; major language families and their distribution; main religions
(Buddhism, Christianity, Hinduism, Islam, Judaism) and their spheres of
influence; cultural diffusion; cultural regions of the world.
Environmental Geography: Human ecological adaptations; transformation of nature
by man; environmental degradation and conservation; ecosystems and their
management; global ecological imbalances–problems of pollution, global warming,
reduction in bio-diversity and depletion of forests.
Economic Geography:World economic development–measurement and problems;
world resources and their distribution; energy crisis; the limits to growth; world
agriculture– typology of agricultural regions; agricultural inputs and productivity;
food and nutrition problems; famine–causes, effects and remedies; human
development indicators; world industries–location patterns and problems; patterns of
world trade.
Population and Settlement Geography: Growth and distribution of world
population; demographic attributes; causes and consequences of migration; concepts
of over–, under– and optimum population; carrying capacity of the physical
environment; problems associated with overpopulation; types and patterns of rural
settlements; hierarchy of urban settlements; concept of primate city and rank-size
rule; functional classification of towns; sphere of urban influence; rural-urban fringe;
satellite town; problems of urbanization.
19
Regional Geography: Regional geography of South Asia with special reference to
Pakistan under the following heads: Environmental setting (physical and climatic);
population, hydrology; irrigation; agriculture; natural vegetation; mineral and power
resources; major industries; trade and communication.
Suggested Readings
Population Geography Barrett, H
Hand Book of South Asia Bradnock, R.W.A,
Concepts and Regions in Geography Deblij, H.J.D.
The Integrated Human Geography Home, B
An Introduction to Economic Geography Khan F.K
Geography of Pakistan Khan F.K
The Geography of Economic Activity Thoman, Conklin and Yeats
Environmental Geography: Science,
Land Use and Earth Systems Marsh, W.M. and Grossa J.
12. International Relations
 The modern state system—history, basic features, evolving forms.
 International Relations as a field of study, Basic Approaches—Power, Balance of
Power, Imperialism, Nationalism.
 Interaction between states—diplomacy, International Law, international economic
and trade linkages—pressures in world politics.
 Evolution of the International System since 1815 (Congress of Vienna) Historical
Overview.
 World War I, II, Decolonization, Rise of the Third World Alliance System
(NATO, SEATO, CENTO, WARSAWPACT) Peaceful coexistence: Non-Aligned
Movement Theories of Peace and Security in Nuclear Age (Deterrence, Limited
war, Crisis Management etc). Detente.
 Foreign Policies of the Superpowers, major powers (USA, USSR, China) with
special reference to South Asia (India, Pakistan, etc.)
 Regional Security issues and crises (Afghanistan Crises, Iran—Iraq war, Palestine
problem, Aparthied and South Africa, Namibia, Polish crises, Euro communism,
Central American crises etc.)
Suggested Readings:
Issues in Global Politics Gavin Boyd
World Politics Since 1945 Peter Caluocorassi
International Relations : Peace or War Richard Rosecrance
Relations of Nations Frederick Hartman
Contending Theories of International Relations Tames Dougherty
13. Political Science
 Western Political Thought: Plato, Aristotle, Machiavelli, Montesquieu, Hobbes,
Locke, Rousseau, Bentham, Mill
 Muslim Political Thought: Al-Farabi, Al-Mawardi, Al-Ghazali, Ibn-i-Khaldun,
Iqbal
20
 The nature and emergence of Modern state system, Islamic concept of state.
 Political concepts, Sovereignty, Law, Liberty, Equality, Rights and Duties.
 Political Dynamics : Public Opinion, Propaganda, Political Parties, Pressure
Groups.
 Political Institutions : Legislature, Executive, Judiciary, Political Elites, Civil and
Military Bureaucracy.
 Forms of Government : Monarchy, Democracy, Dictatorship, Unitary and Federal,
Presidential and Parliamentary.
 Totalitarianism : Fascism, Communism.
 Local Self-govenrment : Theory and Practice with special reference to Pakistan.
The nature and emergence of Modern state system, Islamic concept of state.
Suggested Readings:
History of Muslim Philosophy M. M. Sharif
Comparative Politics : A World View Almond & Powell
Contemporary Political Analysis Garles Worth James
History of Political Theory George H. Sabine
Political Thought in Medieval Islam Rosenthal
Political Thought in perspective William Edenstein
Patterns of Governments Samuel H. Beer, Adem B. Ullam
Pakistan A Political Study Keith Callard
Politics, Parties and Pressure Groups V.O. Key Jr.
Modern Political Systems : Asia Roy, C. Macradis (Ed.)
Politics in Pakistan : Nature and Direction of Change Khalid Bin Sayeed
Reflection on Government Earnest Barker
The Political System of Pakistan Khalid B. Sayeed
14. Public Administration:
 Public Administration.—Its nature and scope, the role of Public Administration in
a modern Welfare State.
 Major Schools of thought in Administration.—Scientific Management Movement,
Human Relationists; Behavioural School; Systemic theory.
 Bureaucracy.—Concept of Bureaucracy, Theories of Bureaucracy, Ecology of
Bureaucracy; Bureaucracy of Pakistan as a Change Agent.
 Administrative Leadership.—Approaches to the study of Leadership, Forms of
Leadership, Leadership qualities.
 Administrative Accountability.—Internal and External Controls; Executive
Control, Legislative Control, Judicial Control, Ombudsman, Public Opinion and
Pressure Groups; Problems of Administrative Accountability in Pakistan.
 Planning.—Types of Plans, Planning Process; Principles of Planning, Planning
Machinery; the system of planning and programming in Pakistan, Planning
Machinery in Pakistan.
21
 Controlling and Co-Ordination.—Forms of Controls, Control Mechanism, the
process of Control, Principles of Controlling; Principles of Coordination;
Machinery for Coordination; Problems of Coordination in Public Administration
in Pakistan.
 Administration.—Elements of Financial Administration, Performance and
Programmed Budgeting, Capital Budget,Principles of Budgeting, Auditing and
Accounting.


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