Globalization IGNOU

I am doing MA Political Science from IGNOU. In the MA Program, there is a subject named ‘Globalization’. I don’t have any book and notes to read this subject. So provide me detailed syllabus along with important notes of Globalization Subject of MA Political Science Program. Give contact details of IGNOU to get syllabus and notes.

Hi buddy here I am looking for IGNOU MED-08 Globalisation And Environment Solved Assignment, so would you plz let me know from where I can get it ??

[pawan]

As you want here I am giving below IGNOU MED-08 Globalisation And Environment Solved Assignment on your demand :

Q1. Explain the changing nature of globalisation and its relation with global climate change.

Ans. Globalization is an ongoing and accelerating process that is restructuring and increasing the connections among economies, institutions, and civil societies. This dynamic and multidimensional process is integrating trade, production, and finance as well as strengthening global norms and global social forces. A constellation of forces drives globalization, including new and faster technologies (like computers) as well as the increasing dominance of capitalism and Western ideologies. In the simplest terms, it is leading to a world as a single place, where changes in distant lands affect people around the globe more quickly, and with greater frequency and intensity.

Globalization is altering the global environment. Few scholars of global environmental politics would challenge this statement. The nature of the change, however, is hotly debated. Some argue it is a source of progress and ingenuity and co-operation, of a future world with much better environmental conditions for all. Others argue it is accelerating the process of the capitalist exploitation of nature and humanity, spinning the globe faster and faster towards an ecological meltdown.

The optimists see globalization as a process that fosters economic growth and raises per capita incomes, both essential to generate the funds and political will for global environmental management. Optimists see other environmental benefits from globalization as well. It is promoting global integration and co-operation as well as common environmental norms and standards, which are enhancing the capacity of a system of sovereign states to manage problems like ozone depletion and climate change. It is pushing states to liberalize trade and foreign investment, promote specialization, and eliminate subsidies, which in the past have contributed to market failures and sub-optimal economic and environmental

Q2. Explain the importance of Rio Declaration on environment and development.

Ans. It is a statement of principles upon which nations agreed to base their actions in dealing with environmental and development issues. The Rio Declaration built on the previous declaration of the United Nations Conference on the Human Environment which was adopted in Stockholm in 1972. The Stockholm conference was the first global environmental meeting of governments, which stated that long-term economic progress needs to be linked with environmental protection.

The preamble declares the goal of the Declaration to be a new and equitable global partnership. The last line of the preamble was added on the insistence of the NGOs, that the preamble should reflect both an ecosystem approach (integral and independent nature of the Earth) and a foundation in basic human morality by declaring it as our home.

Principle 1: Human beings are at the centre of concerns for sustainable development. They are entitled to a healthy and productive life in harmony with nature.

Principle 2: The right to development must be fulfilled so as to equitably meet developmental and environmental needs of present and future generations.

Principle 3: In order to achieve sustainable development, environmental protection shall constitute an integral part of the development

Principle 7: To achieve sustainable development and a higher quality of life for all people, States should reduce and eliminate unsustainable patterns of production and consumption and promote appropriate demographic policies.

Principle 8: States should cooperate to strengthen endogenous capacity-building for sustainable development by improving scientific understanding through exchanges of scientific and technological knowledge, and by enhancing the development, adaptation, diffusion and transfer of technologies, including new and innovative technologies.

Principle 9: Environmental issues are best handled with the participation of all concerned citizens, at the relevant level. At the national level, each individual shall have appropriate access to information concerning the environment that is held by public authorities, including information on hazardous materials and activities in their communities, and the opportunity to participate in decision-making processes. States shall facilitate and encourage public awareness and participation by making information widely available. Effective access to judicial and administrative proceedings, including redress and remedy, shall be provided.

Principle 10: States shall enact effective environmental legislation. Environmental standards, management objectives and priorities should reflect the environmental and developmental context to which they apply. Standards applied by some countries may be inappropriate and of unwarranted economic and social cost to other countries, in particular developing countries.