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22nd September 2014, 10:39 AM
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Join Date: Apr 2013
Re: Define social institutions sociology

First, I want to describe sociology. Sociology is a study of Social institutions, social behavior, its origins, development and organization.

Social institutions are integrated set of social norms organized around the preservation of a basic societal value.

Each sector carries out certain tasks and has different responsibilities that contribute to the overall functioning and stability of a society.
While societies may differ in how they establish these responsibilities, they all have economic, governmental, family, educational and religious institutions like churches, hospitals, jails, and many other things.
1. Economic institutions
The economy is the set of arrangements by which a society produces, distributes, and consumes goods, services, and other resources. There are two dominant economic systems in the world are capitalism and socialism.
For example, In China, a socialist society, the government controls the management of its goods and resources. In the United States of America, a capitalist society, businesses and citizens controls the management.
2. Governmental institutions
The governmental institution develops and implements rules and decides how to manage relations with other societies. The four main types of governments throughout the world are democracy, authoritarian, monarchy and totalitarian. Each has differing views on who runs the government, as well as the amount of freedom and opinions the citizens are allowed to have.
For example, in the United States of America (a democratic government) the citizens' opinions and freedoms are respected and are essential to selecting who manages their government.
3. Educational institutions
A formal process in which knowledge, skills and values are transmitted from one individual or group to another
4. Religious institutions
A unified system of beliefs and practices pertaining to the supernatural and to norms about the right way to live that is shared by a group of believers. Sociologists treat religion as a social rather than supernatural phenomenon.
Sociologists often use the term "institution" to describe systems that operate in five areas of life:
(1) In determining Kinship
(2) In providing for the legitimate use of power
(3) In regulating the distribution of goods and services
(4) In transmitting knowledge from one generation to the next
(5) In regulating our relation to the supernatural.


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