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Calicut university B.Com IV Sem Cost Accounting question paper
1. ……………………provides information for income determination.
a) Financial accounting
b) cost accounting
c) management accounting
d) none of these
2. ……………….helps in ascertaining costs beforehand.
a) Financial accounting
b) cost accounting
c) management accounting
d) none of these
3. The scope of cost accounting include…………..,…………… and……………
a) Cost ascertainment, cost presentation, cost control
b) tax planning, tax accounting, financial accounting
c) presentation of accounting information, creation of policy, day-to
day operation
d) none of the above
4. Cost accounting disclose …………….
a) The Financial position
b) profit/loss of a product, job or service
c) effect and impact of cost on business
d) none of these
5. ………..is a post mortem of past costs.
a) Financial accounting
b) cost accounting
c) both a & b
d) none of these
6. ………………….aids in price fixation.
a) Financial accounting
b) cost accounting
c) management accounting
d) none of these
7. ………………is the oldest branch of accounting.
a) Financial accounting
b) cost accounting
c) management accounting
d) none of these
8. ……………..includes financial and cost accounting, tax planning and tax
accounting.
a) Financial accounting
b) cost accounting
c) management accounting
d) none of these
9. In automobile, …………………costing is used
a) Process
b) batch
c) multiple
d) job
10. Service costing is used in industries producing………………
a) Products
b) service
c) both a & b
d) none of these
11. …………………..costing is applicable to printers.
a) Process
b) batch
c) multiple
d) job
12. Process costing is also known as……………….costing.
a) Continuous
b) batch
c) multiple
d) job
13. Operating costing is also known as ……………..costing.
a) Service
b) batch
c) multiple
d) job
14. ………………..costing is a type or technique of costing.
a) Marginal
b) batch
c) multiple
d) job
15. ………………..costing is a type or technique of costing.
a) Absorption
b) batch
c) multiple
d) job
16. …………………..is not the scope ofCost Accountancy.
a) Ascertaining cost
b) cost accounting
c) cost control
d) tax planning
17. Cost Accounting has been developed becauseof……………… of
Financial Accounting.
a) Limitations
b) advantages
c) both a & b
d) none of these
18. Cost Accountancy is the science, art and ……………….of a cost
accountant.
a) Practice
b) exercise
c) hard work
d) effort
19. The ordinary trading account is a locked storehouse of most valuable
information to which cost system is the……………….
a) Key
b) lock
c) house
d) none of these
20. Cost accounts deal partly with facts and figures and partly with………
a) Estimates
b) costs
c) income
d) revenue
21. Cost accounting provides data for managerial…………….
a) Decision making
b) recruitment
c) retrenchment
d) none of the above.
22. Cost accounting is based on……………….figures.
a) Estimated
b) historical
c) actual
d) none of these.
23. Cost accounting provides detailed information about …………………of
various products, processes, services and operations.
a) Costs
b) income
c) either a or b
d) none of these.
24. Cost accounting records both monetary and …………… units.
a) Physical
b) cost
c) both a & b
d) none of these.
25. The method of costing used in a refinery is……………..costing.
a) Process
b) batch
c) multiple
d) job
26. ……………….costing is used in transport undertakings.
a) Process
b) service
c) multiple
d) job
27. The total variable cost …………………… in total proportion to output.
a) Increases
b) does not increase
c) decreases
d) none of these.
28. Variable cost per unit ……….…………...
a) Remains constant
b) varies
c) decreases
d) increases
29. Sunk costs are ………………. for decision-making
(a) irrelevant
(b) relevant
(c) useful
(d) none of these.
30. Costing and cost accounting are …………...
a) Not the same
b) one and the same
c) not related at all
d) none of these.
31. Fixed cost …………………… in the same proportion in which output
changes.
a) does not change
b) changes
c) increases
d) none of these.
32. Administration expenses are mostly……………….
a) semi-variable
b) variable
c) fixed
d) none of these.
33. Abnormal cost is …………………..
a) Uncontrollable
b) controllable
c) fixed
d) none of these
34. Cost of production is equal to ……………………
a) Works cost plus Administration Overheads
b) Prime cost plus Works cost
c) prime cost plus works overhead
d) works overhead plus administration overheads
35. Variable cost increases with ………….in output.
a) Increase
b) decrease
c) increase or decrease
d) none of these.
36. ……………………….Accounting provides information for cost control.
a) Financial
b) Cost
c) Human Resource
d) none of these.
37. ………………………. is one which can be conveniently identified with
and charged to a particular unit of cost.
a) Direct cost
b) Indirect cost
c) Overhead
d) none of these
38. Cost centre and cost unit are……………………
a) not the same
b) the same
c) not related
d) none of these
39. Fixed cost per unit …………………… with rise in output and ……………
with fall in output.
a) Decreases, increases
b) increases, decreases
c) is constant, remains same
d) none of the above
40. Period costs charged to……………….
a) cost of production
b) Products
c) Period
d) none of these
41. Standard costs is…………………..
a) Predetermined cost
b) budgeted cost
c) Actual cost
d) none of these
42. ……………………are costs which have been applied against revenue of
particular accounting period.
a) Expenses
b) income
c) loss
d) none of these
43. ……………….is the smallest segment of activity or area or
responsibility for which costs are accumulated.
a) Cost Object
b) Cost centre
c) cost driver
d) none of the above
44. The primary emphasis of………………..cost is on the planning function
of management.
a) Budgeted
b) standard
c) period
d) none of these
45. …………..cost is irrecoverable cost.
a) marginal
b) out of pocket
c) Sunk
d) none of these
46. ……………….is the value of a benefit where no actual cost is incurred.
a) Imputed
b) sunk
c) out of pocket
d) none of these
47. ……………is the cost which involves payment to outsiders.
a) Out of pocket cost
b) Imputed cost
c) notional cost
d) none of these
48. ………………… is the maximum possible alternative earning that might
have been earned if the productive capacity is put to some alternative
use.
a) Opportunity
b) incremental revenue
c) alternative revenue
d) none of these
49. An item of cost that is direct for one business may be …………..for
another business.
(a) Important
(b) direct
(c) Indirect
(d) none of the above.
50. The total of all direct expenses is known as …………..cost.
a) Prime
b) Works
c) Production
d) both a & b
51. ……………costs are partly fixed and partly variable in relation to
output.
(a) Variable
(b) fixed
(c) Semi-variable
(d) both a & b
52. An opportunity cost is …………………..
(a) the advantage foregone
(b) the cost
(c) the income
(d) none of the above.
53. Works cost is a total of………………
(a) Indirect material, Indirect labour
(b) Direct material, direct labour, direct or chargeable expenses and
works expenses
(c) Direct material, direct labour
(d) Indirect material, Indirect labour, Indirect expenses
54. An opportunity cost does not involve…………
(a) Cash outlays
(b) direct cost
(c) indirect cost
(d) none of the above
55. Variable costs change ……………………with change in output.
a) Proportionately
b) Inversely
c) Disproportionately
d) Sometimes
56. Fixed cost per unit …………………….with increase in output.
a) decreases
b) increases
c) changes
d) sometimes
57. Depreciation is…………………expenditure.
a) fixed
b) variable
c) adjustable
d) Semi-variable
58. Out of pocket costs involve payment to …………………
a) Outsiders
b) self
c) employees
d) none of the above
59. Added value is the change in…………………
a) Market value
b) cost
c) income
d) none of the above.
60. …………………. Accounting is not only a positive science but also a
normative science because it includes techniques of budgetary control
and standard costing.
a) Financial
b) Cost
c) both a & b
d) none of these
61. Material control does not cover the following stage.
a) Purchase of materials
b) storing of materials
c) issue of materials
d) production
62. Material control aims at achieving effective…………
a) Material management
b) quality control
c) accounting of material
d) material supply
63. Stores Ledger is maintained in the…………………
a) Store
b) finance department
c) cost accounting department
d) Both a & b
64. Stock verification sheets are maintained to record the results of ……….
a) Physical verification
b) financial control
c) financial verification
d) quality verification
65. Stock Adjustment Account is debited with ……….and credited with ………..
a) Surplus, shortage of stock
b) shortage of stock, surplus
c) excess, loss
d) none of these
66. Bin card is a record of ………….only.
a) Cost
b) value
c) quantity
d) expense
67. Bin card is maintained by the…………….
a) Cost accountant
b) Clerk
c) storekeeper
d) branch accountant
68. Material abstract is also known as ………………
a) Material issue analysis sheet
b) bill of materials
c) stores ledger
d) none of the above
69. Material should be issued by the store keeper against……………….
a) Material requisition
b) bill of materials
c) both a & b
d) none of these
70. First in first out method of valuing material issues is suitable in times
of…………
a) Rising prices
b) falling prices
c) fluctuating prices
d) none of these
71. Last in first out method is suitable in times of………………
a) Rising prices
b) falling prices
c) fluctuating prices
d) none of these
72. Average cost method of valuing material issues is suitable
when………….
a) Prices rise
b) prices fall
c) prices fluctuate considerably
d) none of these
73. Inflated price method of valuing material issues is suitable
when…………
a) Materials are subject to natural wastage
b) prices rise
c) prices fall
d) none of these
74. Specific price method of valuing material issue is used when………….
a) Materials are purchased for specific job or work order
b) materials are subject to natural wastage
c) prices fluctuate
d) none of these
75. Market price method is considered to be the best method
when…………..
a) Quotations have to be sent
b) prices fluctuate
c) materials are subject to natural wastage
d) none of these
76. A bill of material serves the purpose of…………………
a) Material requisition
b) stores ledger
c) material issue analysis sheet
d) none of these
77. A bill of material is prepared in case of a …………………job
a) Standard job
b) non-standardized job
c) both a & b
d) none of these
78. Stock verification sheets are maintained to record the results of………
a) Physical verification
b) financial control
c) financial verification
d) quality verification
79. The quantity of material to be ordered at one time is known as…………
a) Ordering quantity
b) commercial order quantity
c) economic order quantity
d) none of these
80. …………………represents that quantity of material which is normally
ordered when a particular material reaches reordering level.
a) maximum level
b) re-order level
c) minimum level
d) Re-order quantity
81. The principle types of inventories are raw materials and ,…………and
finished goods
a) Processed materials
b) Goods-in-progress
c) stored goods
d) goods for dispatch
82. Re-ordering level = Maximum consumption x …………………………
a) Average re-order period
b) Maximum usage
c) Maximum re-order period
d) Normal usage
83. Inventory turnover ratio = Cost of inventory consumed during the
period ÷ Cost of ……………………held during the period
a) Average inventory
b) minimum inventory
c) maximum inventory
d) none of these
84. Inventory turnover in days = Days during the period ÷………………..
a) Inventory turnover ratio
b) material consumed during the period
c) cost of average stock during the period
d) none of these
85. ………….is a technique of material cost control which leads to low
carrying cost as a result of low investment in inventory
a) ABC Analysis
b) JIT Inventory System
c) VED Analysis
d) Perpetual Inventory System
86. ………………is a technique of stock control which leads to saving of
time of the management because attention is required to be paid only to
some of the items rather than on all the items.
a) ABC Analysis
b) JIT Inventory System
c) VED Analysis
d) Perpetual Inventory System
87. ……………….. is used primarily for control of spare parts.
a) ABC Analysis
b) JIT Inventory System
c) VED Analysis
d) Perpetual Inventory System
88. Inventory turnover ratio = Cost of …………………..during the period ÷
Cost of average inventory held during the period.
a) Inventory consumed
b) minimum inventory
c) maximum inventory
d) none of these
89. Re-ordering level = ……………………. X Maximum re-order period
a) Average re-order period
b) Maximum usage
c) Maximum consumption
d) Normal usage
90. ……………obviates the necessity for the physical checking of all items
of stores at the end of the year and thereby avoids dislocation of
production.
a) ABC Analysis
b) JIT Inventory System
c) VED Analysis
d) Perpetual Inventory System
91. …………….forms part of cost of production.
a) Abnormal waste
b) normal waste
c) both a & b
d) none of these
92. ………………does not form part of production.
a) Abnormal waste
b) normal waste
c) both a & b
d) none of these
93. Material losses due to abnormal reasons should be transferred
to…………………
a) Profit and loss account
b) Costing Profit and Loss Account
c) Trading Account
d) none of these
94. Defectives are that portion of production which can be ………………at
some extra cost of re-operation.
a) Sold
b) rectified
c) purchased
d) none of these
95. ……………….is a method of evaluating the job in terms of its money
value.
a) Job analysis
b) Job evaluation
c) work measurement
d) Motion study
96. The requirements of a particular job are known as ……………………
a) Job description
b) job specifications
c) job evaluation
d) both a & b
97. Qualities demanded from the job holder is technically known as
……………………
a) Job description
b) job specifications
c) job evaluation
d) both a & b
98. ………………….is concerned with discovery of facts concerning a job
and ……………….is concerned with ascertaining the money value of a job.
a) Job description, job evaluation
b) job specifications, job evaluation
c) job analysis, job evaluation
d) none of these
99. For conducting …………………..workers are studied at their jobs and
all their movements and motions are noted.
a) Time study
b) Motion study
c) Merit rating
d) none of these
100. …………….. is the assessment of the relative worth of jobs within
a company whereas ………….is the assessment of the relative worth of
man behind the job.
a) Job evaluation , merit rating
b) job analysis, job evaluation
c) job analysis, merit rating
d) none of these
101. ………………..is maintained to know how the worker’s time shown by
the time card is spent on various jobs.
a) Daily time sheets
b) weekly time sheets
c) job cards
d) none of the above
102. In time wage system, wages are paid according to the……………….
a) Production
b) time
c) both a & b
d) none of these
103. Under piece rate system of wage payment, payment is made according
to the…………………
a) Quantity of work done
b) time
c) both a&b
d) none of these
104. For a work order, standard time and time taken are 20 hours and 15
hours respectively. Time rate being Rs. 2 per hour, total wages payable
under Rowan Premium Plan will be……………….
a) 40
b) 37.50
c) 35
d) none of these
105. Taylors differential piece rate system provides for higher rate to
…….workers.
a) Inefficient
b) efficient
c) both a & b
d) lazy
106. …………………..is most suitable when quality of work is of prime
importance.
a) Piece rate system
b) time wage system
c) both a & b
d) none of these
107. Formula of calculation of wages under Halsey Premium System is……
a) R + %(S-T)R
b) T x R+ % (S-T) R
c) S-T x T x R
S
d) R x S x T
108. Under Merrick’s multiple piece rate system, 110% of the ordinary
piece rate is given to workers whose level of performance is between…….
of the standard output.
a) 83% and 100%
b) 100% and 120%
c) 0% and 83%
d) none of these
109. Under Merrick’s multiple piece rate system, 120% of the ordinary
piece rate is given to workers whose level of performance is
between……………….of the standard output.
a) 83% and 100%
b) 100% and 120%
c) 0% and 83%
d) none of these
110. Under Merrick’s multiple piece rate system, ordinary piece rate is
given to workers whose level of performance is between……………….of the
standard output.
a) 0% and 100%
b) 0% and 120%
c) 0% and 83%
d) none of these
111. In …………………………., two piece rates are set for each job.
a) Merrick’s multiple piece rate system
b) Rowan’s Premium Plan
c) Taylor’s differential piece rate system
d) none of these
112. Basis of apportionment of stores service expenses is ………………..
a) Value of materials consumed
b) units of material consumed
c) products produced
d) none of these
113. Basis of apportionment of welfare department expenses is…………..
a) Wages of each department
b) Number of employees
c) materials consumed
d) number of machineries
114. Basis of apportionment of crèche expenses is ……………..
a) Number of employees
b) number of female employees
c) number of male employees
d) both b&c
115. Under step method of re-apportionment of costs of service
departments, the cost of last service department is apportioned only to
the …………..
a) Production departments
b) service departments
c) both a & b
d) none of these
116. Machine hour rate is obtained by dividing the total running expenses
of a machine during a particular period by the…………
a) Number of hours
b) number of products produced
c) number of workers
d) wages
117. ……………..is the amount by which the absorbed overheads fall short
of the actual amount of overheads incurred.
a) Over absorption of overheads
b) under absorption of overheads
c) overheads absorption
d) none of these.
118. …………….is the excess of overheads absorbed over the actual amount
of overheads incurred.
a) Over absorption of overheads
b) under absorption of overheads
c) overheads absorption
d) none of these.
119. When …………………….is used on the basis of budgeted overheads
and the rate is applied to the actual base, the actual overhead expenses
may be different from the charged overheads.
a) A predetermined rate
b) actual rate method of absorption
c) both a & b
d) none of these
120. Expenses incurred during production other than direct materials and
direct labour are called…………..factory expenses; those charged to
production on estimated basis are called …………….
a) Actual, applied
b) applied, actual
c) indirect, direct
d) none of these
121. The per unit expense of the ……………portion factory overhead varies
with the volume of production while………………..portion remains the
same with volume.
a) Fixed, variable
b) variable, fixed
c) variable, semi-variable
d) none of these
122. …………………expenses are excluded from cost.
a) Normal
b) abnormal
c) both a & b
d) none of these
123. Such expenses which are included (even though they are not incurred)
for taking managerial decisions are called………………
a) Notional expenses
b) actual expenses
c) imputed
d) none of these
124. ……………….expenses are partly fixed and partly variable.
a) All expenses
b) variable
c) fixed
d) semi-variable
125. Unsuccessful research expenditure should be …………….. cost
accounts.
a) Excluded from
b) included in
c) apportioned in
d) none of these
126. Salary paid to general manager is an item of
……………………expenses.
a) Fixed
b) Variable
c) semi-variable
d) estimated
127. Fancy packing is an example of ………….expenses.
a) Selling
b) Distribution
c) administration
d) factory
128. Telephone expense is …………….expense.
a) Variable
b) semi-variable
c) fixed
d) none of these
129. Primary packing is an item of ………………
a) Selling overheads
b) prime cost
c) distribution overheads
d) factory overheads
130. When factory overhead control account has an ending debit balance,
factory overhead was………………
a) Over applied
b) under applied
c) both a & b
d) none of these
131. Under applied or over applied factory overhead should be
a) Carried forward to next year
b) shown as an extraordinary item
c) apportioned among cost of goods sold and applicable to inventory
d) written off
132. Credit and collection cost is an item of
a) Selling overhead
b) office overhead
c) prime cost
d) administrative overhead
133. Warehousing cost is an item of
a) Office overhead
b) distribution overhead
c) material cost
d) works overhead
134. In …………………..each job is a cost unit to which all costs are
assigned.
a) Batch costing
b) Job costing
c) process costing
d) operation costing
135. Material Costs of each job are determined from……………
a) Material requisition notes
b) bill of materials
c) both a & b
d) none of these
136. Printers use ………………costing.
a) Process
b) Batch
c) job
d) contract
137. Each job has a ………….. prepared for it that bears the job number
and which is used to collect all cost data relating to job.
a) Job Time Sheet
b) Job Cost Card
c) Job Ticket
d) Job Account
138. An automobile service unit uses ………………costing.
a) specific order
b) batch
c) job
d) contract
139. Where the work is undertaken to Customers’ special requirements and
each order is of comparatively short-duration, it is
called…………..costing.
a) Job
b) batch
c) operation
d) output
140. Economic Batch Quantity is an important point to be determined in
industries where …………… costing is employed.
a) Job
b) batch
c) operation
d) output
141. Economic Batch Quantity depends on ……………….and
……………..costs.
a) Material, labour
b) set-up costs, carrying
c) transportation, carrying
d) warehousing, labour
142. The ……………costing is applied when a quantity of similar and
identical products are manufactured together as one Job.
a) Job
b) Batch
c) operation
d) output
143. The loss incurred on an incomplete contract is transferred to
…………….account.
a) Costing profit and loss account
b) profit and loss account
c) trading account
d) deferred to next year.
144. When the completion stage of the contract is more than half, the profit
to be credited to Profit and Loss account will be equal to…………..
a) 1/3rd of Notional Profit x cash received
Work certified
b) ½ of Notional Profit x cash received
Work certified
c) 2/3rd of Notional profit x cash received
Work certified
d) full Notional Profit.
145. When the completion stage of a contract is less than ¼, the total
expenditure on the contract is transferred to ………………..account.
a) Work-in-Progress
b) Profit and loss account
c) miscellaneous account
d) none of these
146. If the amount of work certified is less than………of the contract price,
then no profit should be taken to Profit & Loss Account.
a) 20%
b) 25%
c) 33 1/3%
d) 40%
147. Contract costing is not used in one of the following industries.
a) Ship building
b) Civil Construction
c) Automobiles
d) Construction of Bridges
148. The sum of value of work certified and uncertified appearing in the
Contract Account is called ……………..
a) Work in Progress
b) Work in Process
c) Work Completed
d) Work done.
149. ……………………is the most suitable method in a transport industry.
a) Operation costing
b) Service costing
c) Process costing
d) Job costing
150. Room/day is the cost unit used in…………………
a) Hotels
b) hospital
c) schools
d) none of these
151. Maintenance charges are in the nature of …………………expenses.
a) Fixed
b) Variable
c) semi-variable
d) none of these
152. In transport costing………………charges vary more or less in direct
proportion to kilometers run.
a) Running
b) petrol
c) drivers salary
d) tax
153. Service costing is called as ……………….
a) Operation costing
b) Operating costing
c) multiple costing
d) none of these
154. In electricity supply company uses …………….as cost unit.
a) Kilo watt hour
b) per household
c) voltage
d) none of these
155. In transportation costing a composite unit such as …………….is used.
a) passenger mile/km or Ten kilometer
b) per km
c) per passenger
d) per stop
156. Boiler house costing is an example of …………….costing
a) Operation
b) process
c) service
d) none of these
157. In service costing, fixed charges are also called as…………………..
a) Standing charges
b) variable charges
c) fixed charges
d) none of these
158. Service costing is not used in one of the following:
a) Electricity
b) Hospitals
c) transport
d) Electronics
159. If the present cost of the car is Rs.1,00,000 residual value at the end
of the 5th year is Rs.20,000, the monthly depreciation is…………
a) Rs.20,000
b) Rs.16,000
c) Rs.1,333
d) Rs.17,333
160. A bus carries 25 passengers daily for 25 days and its mileage per
month is 1000 kms. Its passenger miles are………………
a) 30,000
b) 12,500
c) 20,000
d) 25,000
161. In ……………………costing where standardized goods or services result
from a sequence of repetitive and more or less continuous operations to
which costs are collected and averaged over the units produced during
the year:
a) Multiple
b) Process
c) Operation
d) single.
162. The method of costing applied in biscuit industries is ………….costing
and in steel industry………….costing.
a) Job, process
b) job, contract
c) batch, multiple
d) process, operation
163. Average unit cost for each process is calculated by dividing the
………………..by…………………
a) Total cost, number of units
b) total process cost, number of units in process
c) Total process cost, number of finished goods
d) total cost, number of units produced
164. Where raw material is to pass certain stages, before it is converted
into finished goods, the method of costing used is…………………
a) Job costing
b) Operating costing
c) Process Costing
d) both b and c
165. When the actual loss is more than the estimated loss, the difference
between the two is considered to be………..
a) Abnormal loss
b) normal loss
c) loss
d) none of these
166. When actual loss is less than the estimated loss, the difference
between the two is considered to be……………
a) Abnormal gain
b) abnormal loss
c) normal loss
d) income
167. When actual loss is ………..than the estimated loss, the difference
between the two is considered to be abnormal gain
a) More
b) less
c) higher
d) none of these
168. When actual loss is ………………than the estimated loss, the difference
between the two is considered to be abnormal loss.
a) More
b) less
c) both a & b)
d) none of these
169. When 1000 units are 60% complete in a process, it is equivalent to
…………….completed units.
a) 60
b) 600
c) 6000
d) 1000
170. Equivalent units represent the production of a process in terms of
………..units.
a) Completed
b) total production
c) semi-finished
d) both a& c
171. …………..process loss should be transferred to costing profit & loss
account.
a) Abnormal
b) normal
c) both a& b
d) none of these
172. The cost of …………..process loss is absorbed in the cost of production
of good units.
a) Abnormal
b) normal
c) both a & b
d) none of these
173. In inter process profits, the output of one process is transferred from
one process to another not at …………….but at ……………….
a) Market price, actual cost
b) Actual cost, market price
c) both a& b
d) none of these
174. Where actual loss in a process is less than the anticipated loss, the
difference between the two is considered to be ………………..
a) Abnormal loss
b) normal loss
c) abnormal gain
d) normal gain
175. In process costing, the abnormal loss is treated as ……….cost and
written off to profit & loss account.
a) Unit
b) period
c) future
d) process
176. The process costing is not used in one of the following.
a) Chemical
b) textiles
c) cement
d) oil refining
177. ………….arises where the actual process loss is less than the normal
predetermined process loss.
a) Normal loss
b) abnormal loss
c) abnormal gain
d) none of these
178. An input of 5000kg of material introduced into the process and the
expected loss is 8% and if the actual output from the process is 4300, the
abnormal loss is …………kg
a) 400
b) 300
c) 500
d) 600
179. Budgeting system……………key managerial functions.
a) Dismisses
b) integrates
c) discharges
d) none of these
180. …………………is a budget which is updated continuously by adding a
further period (a month/quarter) and deducting a corresponding earlier
period.
a) Rolling budget
b) continuous budget
c) annual budget
d) both a & b
181. The budget relating to ………….must be prepared first and the other
budgets should be prepared in the light of that factor.
a) Limiting factor
b) materials
c) labour
d) production
182. …………………budget is the most important budget and it forms the
basis on which all the other budgets are built up.
a) Production
b) material
c) cash budget
d) sales
183. ………………….budget may be classified into material cost budget,
labour cost budget and overhead budget.
a) Cost of Production
b) purchase
c) sales
d) Cash
184. ……………….budget gives an estimate of the anticipated receipts and
payment of cash during the budget period.
a) Sales
b) Production
c) Cash
d) Master
185. ……………….is the consolidated summary of the various functional
budgets.
a) Master Budget
b) Sales budget
c) Performance budget
d) Cash Budget
186. …………………budget is designed to remain unchanged irrespective of
the volume of output or turnover attained.
a) Master
b) Fixed
c) Flexible
d) all of these
187. …………………budget gives differentbudgeted costs for different levels
of activity.
a) Master
b) Fixed
c) Flexible
d) all of these
188. …………………budget is the preparation of budget starting from a
clean state.
a) Performance
b) Zero Base
c) Cash
d) none of these
189. Calendar Ratio =
a) Number of actual working days in a period x 100
Number of working days in the budget period
b) Actual hours worked x 100
Budgeted hours
c) Standard hours for actual production x 100
Actual hours worked
d) Standard hours for actual productionx 100
Budgeted standard hours
190. Capacity Ratio =
a) Number of actual working days in a period x 100
Number of working days in the budget period
b) Actual hours worked x 100
Budgeted hours
c) Standard hours for actual production x 100
Actual hours worked
d) Standard hours for actual productionx 100
Budgeted standard hours
191. Efficiency Ratio=
a) Number of actual working days in a period x 100
Number of working days in the budget period
b) Actual hours worked x 100
Budgeted hours
c) Standard hours for actual production x 100
Actual hours worked
d) Standard hours for actual productionx 100
Budgeted standard hours
192. Activity Ratio =
a) Number of actual working days in a period x 100
Number of working days in the budget period
b) Actual hours worked x 100
Budgeted hours
c) Standard hours for actual production x 100
Actual hours worked
d) Standard hours for actual productionx 100
Budgeted standard hours
193. ……………….is a summary of all function budgets in a Capsule form.
a) Master Budget
b) Sales budget
c) Performance budget
d) Cash Budget
194. ……………..determines the priorities of functional budget.
a) Principal Budget Factor
b) Limiting Factor
c) both a & b
d) none of the above.
195. Cash Budget is a ……………….budget.
a) Long term
b) very long term
c) short term
d) very short term
196. The primary difference between a fixed budget and a variable(flexible)
budget is that a fixed budget:
a) Includes only fixed costs, while a variable budget includes only
variable costs.
b) Is concerned only with future acquisitions of fixed assets, while a
variable budget is concerned with expenses which vary with sales.
c) Cannot be changed after the period begins, while a variable budget
can be changed after the period begins.
d) Is a plan for a single level of sales(or other measure of activity),
while a variable budget consists of several plans, one for each of
several levels of sales (or other measure of activity)
197. Sales budget is a
a) Functional budget
b) Master budget
c) Expenditure budget
d) none of these
198. In the case of plant, the limiting factor may be:
a) Insufficient capacity
b) shortage of experienced salesmen
c) general shortage of power
d) shortage of materials
199. The difference between fixed and variable cost has a special
significance in the preparation of
a) Flexible budget
b) master budget
c) cash budget
d) sales budget
200. The budget that is prepared first of all is…………..
a) Cash budget
b) master budget
c) budget for the key factor
d) sales budget
201. In case of materials the key factor may be.
a) Insufficient advertising
b) restrictions imposed by quota
c) low market demand
d) shortage of power
202. The budget which commonly takes the form of budgeted profit and
loss account and balance sheet is
a) cash budget
b) master budget
c) flexible budget
d) fixed budget
203. Standard cost is a …………..cost
a) Predetermined
b) historical
c) actual
d) final
204. The limitations of …………………………has led to the development of
standard costing system.
a) Historical costing system
b) cost accounting
c) management accounting
d) none of these
205. Standard costing is more widely applied in…………………industries.
a) Process and engineering
b) jobbing industries
c) construction industry
d) all of these
206. Three types of standards are…………..
a) Current standard, basic standard and normal standard
b) Currency standard, basel standard and actual standard
c) Actual standard, estimated standard and expected standard
d) Expected standard, ideal standard and current standard
207. The deviation of the actual cost or profit or sales from the standard
cost or profit or sale is known as …………
a) Difference
b) Variance
c) Discrepancy
d) Inconsistency
208. Management by exception is exercising control over………..
a) Costs
b) Favourable items
c) Unfavourable items
d) all of these
209. Material price variance is the difference between standard and actual
prices of materials used multiplied by………………..
a) Actual quantity of materials used
b) Budgeted quantity of materials used
c) Standard quantity of materials used
d) Either a or b
210. Labour cost variance is the difference between standard cost of labour
and………..
a) Budgeted cost of labour
b) Estimated cost of labour
c) Actual cost of labour
d) None of these
211. Idle time variance is………….
a) Idle time x actual labour
b) Idle time x standard rate
c) Idle time x budgeted labour rate
d) Idle time x historical cost
212. Volume variance is divided into……………
a) Capacity variance, calendar variance andExpenditure variance
b) Capacity variance, calendar variance and efficiency variance
c) Capacity variance, expenditure variance and efficiency variance
d) Calendar variance, expenditure variance and efficiency variance
213. Standards set provide yardsticks against which………….are compared.
a) Budgeted costs
b) Estimated costs
c) Actual costs
d) None of these
214. The technique of standard costing may not be applicable in case of
a) Large concerns
b) Small concerns
c) All concerns
d) Both b & c
215. Total Material cost variance =
a) Standard cost of materials-actual cost of materials
b) Budgeted cost of materials- actual cost of materials
c) Standard cost of materials-budgeted cost of materials
d) Actual cost of materials- budgeted cost of materials
216. Material Usage Variance=Material Mix Variance +…………..
a) Material Yield Variance
b) Material cost variance
c) Material price variance
d) Material quantity variance
217. Material Price Variance = Actual Usage (……………)
a) Standard price
b) Standard unit price-actual unit price
c) Actual price
d) Standard usage
218. Material usage variance = standard price(……………….)
a) Standard usage-actual usage
b) Standard unit price-actual unit price
c) Standard quantity
d) Actual quantity
219. Material mix variance = standard cost of standard mix - ………………..
a) Actual cost of actual mix
b) Actual cost of standard mix
c) Standard cost of actual mix
d) Standard cost of budgeted mix
220. Total Labour cost variance =
a) Standard cost of labour - actual cost of labour
b) Standard rate(standard time for actual output-actual time worked)
c) Standard rate (standard time for actual output- actual time paid
for)
d) Actual time taken (standard rate-actual rate)
221. Volume Variance =
a) Standard rate (Actual output-budgeted output)
b) Actual output x standard rate-budgeted fixed overheads
c) Standard rate per hour(standard hours produced-actual hours)
d) All of the above
222. A favourable variance will arise when capital revenues are………..than
expected.
a) More
b) Less
c) Lesser
d) None of the above
223. An unfavourable material price variance occurs because of:
a) Price increase in raw materials
b) Price decrease in raw materials
c) Less than anticipated normal wastage in the manufacturing process
d) More than anticipated normal wastage in the manufacturing
process
224. The type of standard best suitable for cost control purpose is
a) Basic standard
b) Ideal standard
c) Normal standard
d) Expected standard
225. An unfavourable material usage arises because of:
a) Price increase in raw materials
b) Price decrease in raw mateials
c) Less than anticipated normal wastage in the manufacturing
process
d) More than anticipated normal wastage in the manufacturing
process
226. Volume variance arises because of :
a) Increase in overhead rate per hour
b) Decrease in overhead rate per hour
c) Increase or decrease in actual output as compared to the budgeted
output.
d) Difference in budgeted overheads and actual overheads.
227. Labour rate variance is computed by multiplying the
a) Standard labour rate with the difference between standard labour
hours and actual labour hours
b) Actual labour hours with the difference between standard labour
hours and actual labour hours
c) Actual labour rate with the difference between standard labour rate
and actual labour hours.
d) None of the above
228. ……………..is an example of long-term budget
a) Cash budget
b) Capital expenditure budget
c) Research and development budget
d) Both b & c
229. ……………..is an example of short-term budget
a) Cash budget
b) Capital expenditure budget
c) Material budget
d) Both a & c
230. The control ratios used by the management to know whether the
deviations of the actual performance from the budgeted performance are
favourable or unfavourable are………………
a) Capacity ratio, activity ratio
b) Efficiency ratio, calendar ratio
c) Both a & b
d) None of the above
ANSWER KEYS
1. A
2. B
3. A
4. B
5. A
6. B
7. A
8. C
9. C
10. B
11. D
12. A
13. A
14. A
15. A
16. D
17. A
18. A
19. A
20. A
21. A
22. A
23. A
24. A
25. A
26. B
27. A
28. A
29. A
30. A
31. A
32. C
33. A
34. A
35. A
36. B
37. A
38. A
39. A
40. C
41. A
42. A
43. B
44. A
45. C
46. A
47. A
48. A
49. C
50. A
51. C
52. A
53. B
54. A
55. A
56. A
57. D
58. A
59. A
60. B
61. D
62. A
63. C
64. A
65. B
66. C
67. C
68. A
69. C
70. B
71. A
72. C
73. A
74. A
75. A
76. A
77. B
78. A
79. A
80. D
81. B
82. C
83. A
84. A
85. B
86. A
87. C
88. A
89. C
90. D
91. B
92. A
93. B
94. B
95. B
96. A
97. B
98. C
99. B
100.A
101. C
102. B
103. A
104. B
105. B
106. B
107. B
108. A
109. B
110. C
111. C
112. A
113. B
114. B
115. A
116.A
117. B
118. A
119. A
120. A
121.A
122.B
123.A
124.D
125.A
126.A
127.A
128.B
129.B
130.B
131.C
132.A
133.B
134.B
135.C
136.C
137.B
138.C
139.A
140.B
141.B
142.B
143.B
144.C
145. A
146. B
147. C
148. A
149. B
150. A
151. C
152. A
153. B
154. A
155.A
156.C
157.A
158.D
159.C
160.D
161. C
162.A
163.B
164.C
165.A
166.A
167.B
168.A
169.B
170.A
171.A
172.B
173.B
174.C
175.B
176.C
177.C
178.B
179.B
180.D
181.A
182.D
183.A
184.C
185.A
186.B
187.C
188.B
189.A
190.B
191.C
192.D
193.A
194.C
195.C
196.D
197.A
198.A
199.A
200.C
201.B
202.B
203.A
204.A
205.A
206.A
207.B
208.C
209.A
210.C
211.B
212.B
213.C
214.D
215.A
216.A
217.B
218.A
219.C
220.A
221.D
222.A
223.A
224.D
225.D
226.C
227.D
228.D
229.D
230. C
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